organic chemistry - alcohols

Question 1

uses of alcohols?

Answer 1

fuels, solvents, drinks

Question 2

functional group of alcohols?

Answer 2

-OH (homologous series)

Question 3

structural formula for methanol

Answer 3

CH3OH

Question 4

structural formula for ethanol?

Answer 4

CH3CH2OH

Question 5

structural formula for propanol?

Answer 5

CH3CH2CH2OH

Question 6

structural formula for butanol?

Answer 6

CH3CH2CH2CH2OH

Question 7

what is an advantage of making ethanol by hydration?

Answer 7

the reaction produces a high yield of ethanol

Question 8

what is the disadvantage if producing ethanol by hydration?

Answer 8

it requires a high temperature (lots of energy)
ethene comes from crude oil which is non-renewable

Question 9

another way to make ethanol?

Answer 9

fermentation

Question 10

what happens in fermentation?

Answer 10

start with a sugar solution as glucose and we mix this with yeast. yeast converts sugar solution to a solution if ethanol. carbon dioxide also produced

Question 11

conditions for fermentation of sugar?

Answer 11

temperature around 30 degrees
reaction must take place in anaerobic conditions (without oxygen)

Question 12

what are the advantages of fermentation of sugar?

Answer 12

• low temperature means that the reactions does not require a lot of energy
• sugar for this reactions comes from plants and is renewable

Question 13

what is a disadvantage of fermentation of sugar?

Answer 13

product is an aqueous solution of ethanol (ethanol dissolved in water) which then needs purifying by distillation which requires energy