Organic Flashcards
what is stronger, hydrogen bonding, dipole dipole or London dispersion forces
hydrogen bonding > dipole/dipole > London
what are the solvency laws
like dissolves like
polar dissolves ionic
is O==H polar or non-polar
polar because O takes the electrons
what is electrophilic addition
In organic chemistry, an electrophilic addition reaction is an addition reaction where a chemical compound containing a double or triple bond has a π bond broken, with the formation of two new σ bonds.
what is markovnikov’s rule
new H goes to side with many Hs
the electronegative element will bond to the carbon with more groups
what is more stable - a primary or secondary carbocation
secondary (more electrons can be given)
can you sub a H attached to a C
no, need an O or N
can C have >4 bonds
no
what happens when a haloalkane reacts with NaOH
what will the product be
the OH will replace the halogens bond & the Na would attach with the halogen
product will be alcohol
in Markovnikov’s rule where does the H attach
the side with the least Hs
in Markovnikov’s rule where does the hydroxl group attach
the side with more hydroxl groups
what is oxidation
the loss of H and gain of O
how do primary alcohols oxidise
alcohol==> aldehyde group ==> carboxylic group e.g.
C–C==O & H attached to middle C = C–C==O and OH attached to middle C
can you oxidise a tertiary alcohol
no
what is esterification
alcohol + carboxylic acid
