Intro to Chem

Question 1

label the following as atom, element, molecule or compound:
- N

Answer 1

atom & element

Question 2

label the following as atom, element, molecule or compound:
- N^2

Answer 2

molecule & element

Question 3

label the following as atom, element, molecule or compound:
- N2O

Answer 3

• molecule & compound

Question 4

what is the energy between like charged particles

Answer 4

repel

Question 5

what is the energy between opposite charged particles

Answer 5

attract

Question 6

what is Coulomb’s law

Answer 6

notes

Question 7

what is a the role of a catalyst

Answer 7

speeds up reaction and doesn’t get reconsumed

Question 8

what endothermic

Answer 8

absorbs energy from surroundings

Question 9

what is Avogadro’s number

Answer 9

6.022 * 10^23 = 1 mol = mass in g

Question 10

what is one atomic mass unit relative to Carbon

Answer 10

C/12

Question 11

what charges identify an element

Answer 11

protons

Question 12

what is nuclear force

Answer 12

where similar charged atoms stick together over small distances rather than repelling each other e.g. beryllium

Question 13

what are valence electrons

Answer 13

those on the outer shell

Question 14

what group doesn’t lose electrons easily

Answer 14

metals (excluding H)

Question 15

what is an ion

Answer 15

a charged atom

Question 16

what is a cation

Answer 16

+ve ion

Question 17

what is an anion

Answer 17

-ve ion

Question 18

how do ionic bonds form

Answer 18

electrons trying to lower potential energy

Question 19

are ionic bonds shared

Answer 19

no, electrons are taken from the metal by the non metal because the metal wants to go to lower energy

Question 20

how do we see electronegativity on the periodic table

Answer 20

incr. from left to right

Question 21

what is ionisation energy

Answer 21

amount of energy to remove an electron

Question 22

what is electronegative energy

Answer 22

energy for an electron to bond

Question 23

what is the formula for mass in terms of moles

Answer 23

m = nM
where m = mass, n = number of mole, M = molar mass

Question 24

what is the formula for moles in terms of volume

Answer 24

n = cV
where V = volume, c = concentration

Question 25

what is the gas law

Answer 25

PV = nRT

Question 26

what is the density formula

Answer 26

ro (p) = m/V
where m = mass, V = volume, p = density

Question 27

what is the formula for pressure

Answer 27

P = F/A
where F = force applied, A = area

Question 28

what does isoelectronic mean

Answer 28

they have the same electron configuration

Question 29

what groups of elements are isoelectronic

Answer 29

main group metals & noble gasses
they become isoelectronic with each other

Question 30

how do metals become isoelectronic

Answer 30

join with the halogen in the same row

Question 31

what are the main group metals

Answer 31

1, 2, 13-18 and not metalloids

Question 32

what is oxidation

Answer 32

the addition/removal of electrons (+ if removed, - if added)

Question 33

what are the oxidation state rules (in order)

Answer 33

1. pure elements are all 0
2. F = -1
3. metals: 1A = +1, 2A = +2, Al = +3
4. H is usually +1, but -1 with a metal
5. O = -2
6. Halogens are -1

Question 34

what are the oxidation sates of the 3 transition metals

Answer 34

Ag = +1, Zn = +2, Al = +3

Question 35

what is magnesium cholride

Answer 35

MgCl2

Question 36

what is aluminium carbonate

Answer 36

Al2(CO3)3

Question 37

are covalent bonds shared

Answer 37

yes between 2 atoms

Question 38

what is NaCl’s bond

Answer 38

ionic

Question 39

what forms covalent bonds (types of elements)

Answer 39

non-metals & metalloids

Question 40

what is carbon monoxide

Answer 40

CO

Question 41

what is carbon dioxide

Answer 41

CO2

Question 42

what is the greatest compound present in a solution

Answer 42

solvent

Question 43

what does a solvent do

Answer 43

dissolves a solute

Question 44

what are the different measurements of molarity

Answer 44

notes