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Biology > Organelles etc > Flashcards

Organelles etc Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

everything besides the nucleus

A

cytoplasm

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2
Q

fluid only

A

cytosol

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3
Q

fluid of the nucleus

A

nucleoplasm

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4
Q

membrane around the nucleus, regulates what goes in and out

A

nuclear envelope

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5
Q

channel proteins

A

nuclear pores

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6
Q

synthesis of ribosomal rna

A

nucleolus

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7
Q

3 kinds of protein sorting

A

across nuclear pores, directly across organelles, transport by vesicles

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8
Q

person w signal sequences

A

gunter blobel

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9
Q

synthesis of all lipids, want more surface area

A

smooth er

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10
Q

start of protein modification

A

rough er

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11
Q

final modification, leave through vesicle

A

golgi

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12
Q

special enzymes, organizes things coming in

A

endosome

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13
Q

hydrolytic enzymes

A

lysosome

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14
Q

oxidation of toxic molecules

A

peroxisomes

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15
Q

apoptosis and energy production

A

mitochondria

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16
Q

have own dna and ribosomes

A

mitochondria

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17
Q

inner membrane is where photosynthesis takes place

A

chloroplast

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18
Q

connections that hold cells together

A

cellular junctions

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19
Q

lysosome breaking down dead/ dying organisms

A

autophagy

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20
Q

protein modification examples

A

specialized, glycoproteins

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21
Q

organizes/ stores chromosomes

A

nucleus

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22
Q

protein synthesis involved organelle

A

ribosome

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23
Q

mitochondria

A

1700

24
Q

er

A

1

25
Q

nucleus

A

1

26
Q

golgi

A

1

27
Q

peroxisomes

A

400

28
Q

lysosomes

A

300

29
Q

endosomes

A

200

30
Q

H+ pump

A

hydrogen ions into lysosome, active transport (greater to lesser)

31
Q

3 types of filaments

A

actin, intermediate, microtubules

32
Q

int: protein

A

various proteins

33
Q

int size

A

10nm

34
Q

int locations

A

cytoplasm, nucleus

35
Q

int function

A

strength and support

36
Q

actin protein

A

actin

37
Q

polymerization depolymerizations

A

bind and form filaments controlled by ATP AND ADP

38
Q

actin size

A

7 nm

39
Q

actin location

A

cortex of cytoplasm

40
Q

actin function(s)

A

1) make microvilli - to inc surface area
2) muscle contraction
3) endocytosis
4) cytokinesis

41
Q

micr protein

A

tubulin

42
Q

polymerization (microtubules)

A

form filaments, GTP AND GDP

43
Q

micr size

A

25 nm diameter

44
Q

micr location

A

cytoplasm

45
Q

micr center for organizing

A

centrosome

46
Q

micr functions

A

1) transportation of vesicles and organelles
2) mitotic spindle
3) cilia and flagella

47
Q

dynein and kinesin are used for

A

carrying vesicles across microtubules

48
Q

what makes pos/neg ends of micr

A

amino and carbolxyl ends

49
Q

why make microvilli

A

to increase surface area (absorb more nutrients)

50
Q

how do muscles contract

A

filaments slide and muscle cells shorten

51
Q

endocytosis with filaments

A

wrap membrane, they depolymerize to pull in and create a vesicle

52
Q

actin fcn cytokinesis

A

divide cytoplasm

53
Q

type of junction that attaches actin on one cell to actin on another

A

adherens

54
Q

type of junction that joins intermediate filaments in one cell to another

A

desmosome

55
Q

type of junction responsible for flow of ions

A

gap junction

56
Q

type of junction that anchors int filaments to basal surfaces

A

hemidesmosome

57
Q

type of junction that seals neighboring cells to prevent leakage

A

tight junction

Biology (19 decks)

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