FINAL bacteria

Question 1

class of prokaryotes that live in harsh environments

Answer 1

archaebacteria

Question 2

class of prokaryotes commonly found in our environment

Answer 2

eubacteria

Question 3

bacteria that produce their own food using sunlight

Answer 3

photoautotrophs

Question 4

bacteria that produce their own food using chemicals from the environment

Answer 4

chemoautotrophs

Question 5

organisms that need to eat to survive

Answer 5

heterotrophs

Question 6

what organelles are found in bacteria and what is their function

Answer 6

cell wall

ribosome-make proteins

Question 7

four ways bacteria generate genomic variety

Answer 7

mutate, conjugation, transformation, transduction

Question 8

t/f antibiotics are used for the treatment of fungal infections, viral infection, yeast infections and bacterial infections

Answer 8

false

Question 9

what is the major cause of antibiotic resistance in this country and throughout the world

Answer 9

1) overprescription
2) pt compliance
3) agriculture

Question 10

what cellular structure gives bacteria protection in their unicellular environment

Answer 10

cell wall

Question 11

t/f bacterial dna is located in a membrane bound nucleus

Answer 11

false

Question 12

what is the deadliest bacteria

Answer 12

tuberculosis

Question 13

what bacterial toxin is one of the most deadly toxins

Answer 13

botox

Question 14

name of the disease caused by eating food infected with botox

Answer 14

botulism

Question 15

two benefits of having millions of bacteria in the large intestine

Answer 15

digest, produce vitamins:k

Question 16

what species of bacteria are found in the intestines

Answer 16

e coli

Question 17

what antibiotic is considered the last resort in treating bacterial infections

Answer 17

vancomycin

Question 18

what does a gram’s stain test for

Answer 18

thickness of the cell wall/peptitoglycan

Question 19

what is the importance of doing a grams stain

Answer 19

which antibiotic to use

Question 20

why is it important to fully cook ground beef

Answer 20

to kill bacteria

Question 21

what bacteria is responsible for deaths including undercooked meat

Answer 21

e coli

Question 22

what organism is responsible for ulcers? how was it proven?

Answer 22

h pylori; dr. marshall did tests on himself to prove it

Question 23

what is bacteriophage therapy

Answer 23

viruses as drugs

Question 24

what was the greatest limitation in the past to bacteriophage therapy

Answer 24

didnt have molecular tools

Question 25

what is quorum sensing

Answer 25

conversation between bacteria

Question 26

what are the four major functions of antibiotics

Answer 26

1) block DNA replication
2) obstruct metabolic processes
3) interfere with protein synthesis
4) interfere with production of bacterial cell wall

Question 27

most pathogenic bacteria are gram

Answer 27

negative

Question 28

LPS

Answer 28

lipopolysacchrides

Question 29

what are the 4 mechanisms pathogens use to infect their host and escape from the innate immune system

Answer 29

1) sugar coating-phagocytic cells cant grow
2) go inside
3) toxins-shut down immune system
4) enzymes-hurt cells

Question 30

what is a commensal

Answer 30

normal bacteria (vs. pathogen)

Question 31

kochs four postulates

Answer 31

1) isolate organism from disease
2) grow in pure culture
3) innoculate test animal and cause same disease
4) isolate from test animal