FINAL cytoskeleton and organelles Flashcards
what is the diameter of an actin filament
7nm
diameter of an intermediate filament
10nm
diameter of a microtubule
25 nm
which cytoskeletal filaments act as train tracks for organelles and vesicles
microtubules
which cytoskeletal filaments are involved in endocytosis
actin
the type of junction which connects the basal surface of cells to a basement membrane
hemidesmosome
type of junction which attaches actin in one cell to actin in another cell
adherens
type of junction responsible for the flow of ions in heart muscle cells
gap
type of junction that prevents the leakage of fluids
tight
organelle that is essentially a small sac of digestive enzymes that functions in degrading worn out organelles
lysosomes
which organelle is the site of new membrane synthesis in a cell
smooth ER
which organelle receives proteins and lipids from the ER modifies them and dispatches them
golgi
which organelle sorts ingested molecules and recycles some back into the plasma membrane
endosome
which organelle contains enzymes used in a variety of oxidative reactions that break down lipids and destroy toxic molecules
peroxisomes
organelle that is the site of final protein modification
golgi
organelle that contains hydrolytic enzymes
lysosome
protein modification begins in which organelle
rough ER
how do proteins know to enter the ER
signal sequence
autophagy
lysosome breaks down dead/dying organisms
what organelle contains enzymes to make a peroxide
peroxisomes
avg number of mitochondria per cell
1700
avg number of lysosomes per cell
300
t/f most eukaryotic cells have one nucleus
true
organelle that is the site of lipid synthesis
smooth ER
list three ways proteins are imported in eukaryotic cells
1) across nuclear pores
2) directly across organelles
3) transport by vesicles
what is protein modification; examples
specialization; glycoproteins and lipoproteins
which organelle organizes and stores chromosomes
nucleus
proteins and lipids leave the ER via a
membrane bound vesicle
everything in the cell except the nucleus is termed
cytoplasm
energy related organelle which converts sugar to ATP
mitochondria
organelle involved in protein synthesis
ribosome
