Organelles

Question 1

Nucleus

Answer 1

Has genetic material that controls that cell

Chromatin consists of DNA and protein.

Question 2

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 2

Has ribosomes all over it for protein synthesis

Transports the proteins made in the ribosomes.

Question 3

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 3

Lipid synthesis

Question 4

Vesicle

Answer 4

Bits of membrane that have broken off from the smooth/rough ER or the Golgi apparatus

Question 5

Ribosomes

Answer 5

Protein synthesis (joining amino acids together, DNA tells them what order to join in)

Question 6

Mitochondria

Answer 6

Aerobic respiration to make ATP

Has circular DNA

Question 7

Chloroplast

Answer 7

Photosynthesis occurs in the chlorophyll which are in the membranes
light energy is used to make carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water.

Question 8

Cell surface/plasma membrane

Answer 8

Partially permeable/ controls what enters and leaves the cell

Question 9

Golgi apparatus/body

Answer 9

Modifies, packages and delivers/transports proteins

Question 10

Lysosomes

Answer 10

Contains acid and hydrolytic enzymes that break down unwanted things in the cell such as old organelles and pathogens.

Question 11

Centriole

Answer 11

Make spindle fibres that break DNA apart during cell division

Question 12

Undulipodium/undulipodia

Answer 12

Helps Eukaryotic cells move

Question 13

Cilia/cilium

Answer 13

Move things past the cell (such as mucus in your lungs)

Question 14

Tonoplast

Answer 14

Membrane around the large permanent vacuole

Question 15

Plasmid

Answer 15

Extra genes are carried in them

Question 16

Plasmodesma

Answer 16

Little gaps that join plant cells together

Question 17

Capsule

Answer 17

Slimy outer layer to help prokaryotes to stick to things/ slip away from things (defence)

Question 18

Mesosome

Answer 18

1) larger surface area for reactions to occur
Or
2) it’s an Artefact (made during preparation of the slide)

Question 19

Nuclear pores

Answer 19

Allow things to leave the nucleus

Question 20

Nucleolus

Answer 20

Makes RNA and ribosomes.

Question 21

Cytoplasm

Answer 21

Supports the internal structure of the cell.

Maintains the shape/consistency of the cell.

Question 22

Cellulose cell wall

Answer 22

Supports/strengthens the plant cell.

Resists turgor pressure

Question 23

Peptidoglycan cell wall

Answer 23

Strengthens/Stabilises the prokaryotes shape

Question 24

Flagellum

Answer 24

Helps prokaryotes move

Question 25

Microvilli

Answer 25

Increases surface area for absorption and secretion to occur.

Question 26

Large permanent vacuole

Answer 26

Contain cellular waste and isolate materials that could harm the cell.

Question 27

2 parts of the mitochondria

Answer 27

Cristae and matrix

Question 28

2 parts of chloroplast

Answer 28

Thylakoid membrane and stroma

Question 29

Which organelles have a double membrane?

Answer 29

Chloroplasts, mitochondria, nucleus, rough/smooth ER, golgi apparatus.

Question 30

What organelle is highly amphipathic?

Answer 30

Vesicles

Question 31

What occurs in the thylakoid membrane?

Answer 31

Photolysis

Photophosphorylation

Question 32

What occurs in the stroma?

Answer 32

Light-independent reaction