Biological Ions

Question 1

Sodium Na+

Answer 1

Regulates osmosis and pH
Affects carbohydrate and water absorption
Helps nerve transmission and muscle contraction

Question 2

Potassium K+

Answer 2

Healthy leaves and flowers in plants
Active transport across membranes
Nerve impulses

Question 3

Hydrogen H+

Answer 3

Regulates blood pH

Involved in photosynthesis and respiration

Question 4

Ammonium NH4+

Answer 4

Stage of the nitrogen cycle

Part of amino acids, vitamins and chlorophyll

Question 5

Calcium Ca2+

Answer 5

In bones, teeth and cartilage
Stimulates muscle contraction/nerve impulses
Activates enzymes and blood clotting

Question 6

Chlorine Cl-

Answer 6

Used to make HCl in the stomach

Helps produce urine in the kidneys

Question 7

Hydroxide OH-

Answer 7

Regulates blood pH

Catalysed reactions

Question 8

Hydrogen carbonate HCO3-

Answer 8

Regulates blood pH

Involved in CO2 transport in blood

Question 9

Nitrate NO3-

Answer 9

Stage of the nitrogen cycle

Part of amino acids, vitamins and chlorophyll

Question 10

Phosphate PO43-

Answer 10

Part of phospholipids, ATP and nucleic acids

Helps root growth in plants