Organ Systems 4) Cardiovascular Flashcards
What are the two main componetns of blood?
Plasma and Formed elements ( blood cells and platelets)
What is the term for red blood cells and what do they do?
erythrocytes
Transport oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body
What is the term for white blood cells and what do they do?
leukocytes
Destroy invading organisms, e.g bacteria and viruses
What are the two tupes of leukocytes?
Granulocytes – Easinophils, Neutrophils, Basophils
Agranulocytes – Lymphocytes, Monocytes
What do platelets do?
Prevent damage to blood vesseles
Clotting
What type of blood cell has no nucleus?
RBC
What allows RBCs to carry oxygen?
Hemoglobin
What does a heamoglobin molecule contain?
4 Heam molecules Fe++ able to bind to 1 O2 atom
What is:
Heamoglobin with O2 called?
Heamoglobin without O2 called?
Heamoglobin bound to Co2?
oxyheamoglobin
deoxiheamoglobin
carbaminohaemaglobin
What aspect of the RBC gives blood it’s ‘blood type’
glycoproteins and glycolipids studded in their surface
What happens to Heam in old blood cells?
Sent to the liver, converted to billirubin and remooved in bile
Where are RBCs priduced?
What is the process?
What is the hormone?
Bone marrow
Erythropoesis
Erythroprotein
Where is Erythroprotein created and why?
Kidneys
Increases when O2 level in blood is low
Where are WBCs produced?
Bone marrow, and lymphoid tissue
What are the charactaristis of agranulocytes?
- Few granules in the cytoplasm
- Large nuclei
- produced in lymph nodes
Granulocytes; what are the charicteristics?
- Lobed nucelus
- Granular cytoplasm
- produced in bone marrow
What is plasma?
What is it’s role?
- Liquid component of blood
- Transport materials that cells need, or need dispozing of
What are the two diffrent types of glycoproteins that could be on RBCs?
A, B
What type of glycoprotein does an O type blood have
None :(
What type of antibodies do these blood types plasma produce? Type A Type B Type AB Type O
- Type B
- Type A
- Neither
- Both
What is heamostasis commonly known as?
Blood clotting
What happens when a blood vessel is damadged?
Injury exposes collagen
What do the chemicals that damadged cells release cause? (4)
a) Cause smooth muscle in the wall to contract and restrict flow
b) Attract circulating platlets, and make a platelet plug
c) Chemical casgade producing FIBRIn and Colagulation
d) Fibrinolysis ( the clot disolving)
Where is the heart located?
In the mediastinum
What is the pericardium?
A little sac with the heart in it
What is the difrence between arteries and veins?
Arteries carry blood away from the heart, Veins carry blood in
Where does the right part of the heart pump to?
Where does the left pump of the heart pump to?
Right to lungs, left to body
What takes blood from the heart to lungs?
What takes it from the lungs to the heart
Pleumonary atery
Plumonary vein
Heart to the body?
Aorta
Which arteries supply blood to the brain from the aortic arch?
the common carotid
What artery has branches to the pons and cerebellum?
basilar artery
Where are old RBCs broken down and by what?
Spleen
Macrophages
What gene codes for rhesus factor?
CDE Rhesus Ag
