Organ Systems 4) Cardiovascular

Question 1

What are the two main componetns of blood?

Answer 1

Plasma and Formed elements ( blood cells and platelets)

Question 2

What is the term for red blood cells and what do they do?

Answer 2

erythrocytes

Transport oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body

Question 3

What is the term for white blood cells and what do they do?

Answer 3

leukocytes

Destroy invading organisms, e.g bacteria and viruses

Question 4

What are the two tupes of leukocytes?

Answer 4

Granulocytes – Easinophils, Neutrophils, Basophils

Agranulocytes – Lymphocytes, Monocytes

Question 5

What do platelets do?

Answer 5

Prevent damage to blood vesseles

Clotting

Question 6

What type of blood cell has no nucleus?

Answer 6

RBC

Question 7

What allows RBCs to carry oxygen?

Answer 7

Hemoglobin

Question 8

What does a heamoglobin molecule contain?

Answer 8

4 Heam molecules Fe++ able to bind to 1 O2 atom

Question 9

What is:
Heamoglobin with O2 called?
Heamoglobin without O2 called?
Heamoglobin bound to Co2?

Answer 9

oxyheamoglobin
deoxiheamoglobin
carbaminohaemaglobin

Question 10

What aspect of the RBC gives blood it’s ‘blood type’

Answer 10

glycoproteins and glycolipids studded in their surface

Question 11

What happens to Heam in old blood cells?

Answer 11

Sent to the liver, converted to billirubin and remooved in bile

Question 12

Where are RBCs priduced?
What is the process?
What is the hormone?

Answer 12

Bone marrow
Erythropoesis
Erythroprotein

Question 13

Where is Erythroprotein created and why?

Answer 13

Kidneys

Increases when O2 level in blood is low

Question 14

Where are WBCs produced?

Answer 14

Bone marrow, and lymphoid tissue

Question 15

What are the charactaristis of agranulocytes?

Answer 15

• Few granules in the cytoplasm
• Large nuclei
• produced in lymph nodes

Question 16

Granulocytes; what are the charicteristics?

Answer 16

• Lobed nucelus
• Granular cytoplasm
• produced in bone marrow

Question 17

What is plasma?

What is it’s role?

Answer 17

• Liquid component of blood

- Transport materials that cells need, or need dispozing of

Question 18

What are the two diffrent types of glycoproteins that could be on RBCs?

Answer 18

A, B

Question 19

What type of glycoprotein does an O type blood have

Answer 19

None :(

Question 20

What type of antibodies do these blood types plasma produce?
Type A
Type B
Type AB
Type O

Answer 20

• Type B
• Type A
• Neither
• Both

Question 21

What is heamostasis commonly known as?

Answer 21

Blood clotting

Question 22

What happens when a blood vessel is damadged?

Answer 22

Injury exposes collagen

Question 23

What do the chemicals that damadged cells release cause? (4)

Answer 23

a) Cause smooth muscle in the wall to contract and restrict flow
b) Attract circulating platlets, and make a platelet plug
c) Chemical casgade producing FIBRIn and Colagulation
d) Fibrinolysis ( the clot disolving)

Question 24

Where is the heart located?

Answer 24

In the mediastinum

Question 25

What is the pericardium?

Answer 25

A little sac with the heart in it

Question 26

What is the difrence between arteries and veins?

Answer 26

Arteries carry blood away from the heart, Veins carry blood in

Question 27

Where does the right part of the heart pump to?

Where does the left pump of the heart pump to?

Answer 27

Right to lungs, left to body

Question 28

What takes blood from the heart to lungs?

What takes it from the lungs to the heart

Answer 28

Pleumonary atery

Plumonary vein

Question 29

Heart to the body?

Answer 29

Aorta

Question 30

Which arteries supply blood to the brain from the aortic arch?

Answer 30

the common carotid

Question 31

What artery has branches to the pons and cerebellum?

Answer 31

basilar artery

Question 32

Where are old RBCs broken down and by what?

Answer 32

Spleen

Macrophages

Question 33

What gene codes for rhesus factor?

Answer 33

CDE Rhesus Ag