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WSET Level 4 Diploma D3 > Oregon / Washington / New York > Flashcards

Oregon / Washington / New York Flashcards

1
Q

When was the first modern vineyard established with V vinifera vines in OR?

A

1961

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2
Q

When did David Lett first planed Pinot Noir and where?

A

1966
Dundee Hills

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3
Q

What was Oregon wines became recognized? What was the wine awarded?

A

1979, the Wine Olympics blind tasting
1975 Eyrie Vineyards

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4
Q

What are the climate of Oregon?

A

a cool maritime climate, a combination of the latitude and the influence of the cold Ocean currents and winds from the Pacific Ocean

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5
Q

What are the soils of Oregon?

A

Marine sedimentary, volcanic and loess soils

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6
Q

What influences reduce mildew and disease pressure?

A

the wind and dry summer

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7
Q

What are the sustainable, organic and biodynamic program in OR?

A

Demeter Biodynamic
Oregon Tilth
Salmon-Safe
LIVE
Certified Sustainable
Deep Roots Coalition

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8
Q

What are the traditional Pinot Noir clones in OR?

A

Wadenswil
Pommard
Dijon in the late 1980s

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9
Q

What are the original clonal selections in OR from California?

A

Wente
Clone 108
Dijon - early ripening

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10
Q

What are the winemaking styles trending for Pinot Noir in OR?

A
  • Whole bunches
  • ambient yeasts
  • alternative fermentation and storage vessels
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11
Q

Who are the the significant producers for Pinot Noir in OR?

A

Bergstrom Wines
Evening Land

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12
Q

What are the common winemaking styles for Chardonnay in OR?

A
  • whole bunch pressing
  • fermentation and maturation in oak, with a high proportion of old oak
  • Full malolactic conversion and lees contact
  • the lees are usually left without stirring to encourage low levels of reductive sulfur compounds to develop
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13
Q

What are the climate of Willamette Valley AVA?

A

The coolest and wettest areas in OR, but still benefits from warm, dry summers with long hours of sunshine.
It is affected by cool coastal air, especially Van Duzer Corridor, Eola-Amity Hills, McMinnville

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14
Q

What are the common training systems in the valley floor and higher altitude in Willamette Valley?

A

the valley floor: Scott Henry to manage vigour
the higher altitude: cordon-trained or replacement-cane pruned vines with VSP trellising

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15
Q

What are the soil types in Willamette Valley?

A

the valley floor: fertile loam soils
at higher altitude: a mixture of marine sedimentary soils, volcanic basalt and loess soils

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16
Q

What are the sub-AVAs of Willamette Valley?

A
  • Dundee Hils
  • Chehalem Mountains
  • Ribbon Ridge
  • Yamhill-Carlton District
  • Van Duzer Corridor
  • Eola Amity Hills
  • McMinnville
  • Laurelwood District
  • Lower Long Tom
  • Mout Pisgah Polk County Oregon
  • Tualatin Hills
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17
Q

What is the elevation of Dundee Hills?

A

60 - 325m

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18
Q

What are the soils of Dundee Hills?

A

red iron-rich clay from volcanic basalt (Joly)

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19
Q

What are the soils of Chehalem Mountains?

A

loess, volcanic basalt and sedimentary (Laurelwood)

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20
Q

What are the soils of Ribbon Ridge?

A

sedimentary soil (Willakenzie)

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21
Q

What are the soils of Yamhill-Carlton?

A

ancient sedimentary soil

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22
Q

What are the effects of the winds in Van Duzer Corridor?

A
  • Early in the season, the winds can disrupt flowering and fruit set, and lead to lower yields
  • later in the season, the winds can cause the vine leaf stomata to shut and slow ripening
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23
Q

What are the soils of Van Duzer Corridor?

A

marine sediment loam and silt, shallow and well-draining

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24
Q

What are the soils of Eola-Amity Hills?

A

shallow rocky volcanic basalt (Nekia) over sedimentary soil

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25
What are the climate of Southern Oregon?
warmer than Willamette Valley, but cooling influences come from mountains and river valleys that channel cool breezes during the afternoon and the evenings
26
What are the soils of Southern Oregon?
marine sedimentary soils and alluvial soils
27
What are the sub-AVAs of Umpqua Valley?
Elkton Oregon AVA Red Hill Douglas County
28
What are the sub-AVAs of Rogue Valley?
Applegate Valley
29
What are the most and the second most planted in Southern Oregon?
Pinot Noir Pinot Gris Syrah Cabernet Sauvignon
30
What are the 3 mountains influence Umpqua Valley?
the Coast Range the Cascade Range the Klamath Mountains
31
What AVA is the warmest and driest in OR?
Rogue Valley
32
What are the 3 AVAs share with Washington and Oregon?
Walla Walla Valley Columbia Gorge Columbia Valley
33
What % of grapes are required to be grown in Oregon, the stated appellation, multi-state appellation?
State: 100% Appellation: 95% Multi-state: 100%
34
If a variety is stated on the lablel, it must comprise a minimum what % of the wine in OR?
90%
35
Wine labelled as 'estate-bottle: must be made from what % of grapes were grown in the winery's AVA and fully finished at the estate in OR?
100%
36
When were Washington's first grapes planted and where?
at Fort Vancouver by the Hudson's Bay Company in 1825
37
What are the geographical feature affected the Columbia Valley
the Cascade Mountains, clock the wet Pacific weather and create dry, warm conditions. the west of the Cascade Mountains, cooler and wetter climate
38
What is the largest company in WA?
Chateau Ste. Michelle Andre Tchelistcheff was advising, founded in 1934, became Chateau Ste. Michelle in 1976
39
What are the significant producers in WA?
Quilceda Creek Cayuse Vineyards
40
What are the top varieties of WA?
- Cabernet Sauvignon - Merlot - Chardonnay - Riesling - Syrah
41
What are the sub-AVAs of Columbia Valley?
Yakima Valley Red Mountain Horse Heaven Hills Wahluke Slope Rattlesnake Hills Walla Walla Valley
42
What is the climate of Columbia Valley?
continental climate with hot summers, rapid cooling in the autumn and cold winters
43
What are the soils of Columbia Valley?
basalt bedrock with sandy, silty, loess and alluvial topsoils, result of Missoula flood events - low risk of phylloxera
44
What are the main hazards of Columbia Valley?
frost and winter freezes
45
What is the largest sub-AVA of Columbia Valley?
Yakima Valley
46
What are the most planed varieties of Yakima Valley?
Chardonnay Cabernet Sauvignon Merlot Syrah Riesling
47
What are the sub-AVA of Yakima Valley?
Red Mountain Rattlesnake Hills Snipe Mountain
48
What is the mountain in Walla Walla Valley?
Blue Mountain, altitude up to 600m
49
What is the general climate of New York?
Severe continental climate
50
What are the large bodies of water have a moderating effect in NY?
the Hudson River the finger Lakes the Lake Erie
51
What are the contributions of Dr. Konstantin Frank?
experimenting with Riesling and Chardonnay scions grafted onto hardiest of rootstocks, succeeded in over-wintering his own vines whilst native and hybrid vines succumbed to the cold
51
What NY's Farm Winery Act of 1976 allow growers to do?
open wineries and sell directly to the public, after which many new wineries were established
52
What are the most producing areas in NY?
Finger Lakes Hudson River Valley Region Long Island
53
What are the climate of Finger Lakes?
a continental climate with warm summers and cold winters
54
describe how the Finger Lakes help to protect the region's vines, particularly from cold temperatures and frost.
- The lakes can generate their own lake-effect snow, which can also help insulate vines during the winter. The lakes provide a warming influence in the autumn enabling the grapes to ripen over a longer period and reducing the risk of autumn frosts. In the spring, cool air from the lake delays budburst reducing chance of damage in spring frost - Many vineyards are planted with low densities of large vines. Training and trellising systems such as Scott Henry are common, in which grape growers split the canopy either vertically or horizontally to allow greater air circulation reducing fungal disease and light penetration. - Snow can help insulate the vines during winter, many growers further protect the vines from winter freeze by hilling up the soil to cover the graft union.
55
Why is the Scott Henry trellising system often used in the Finger Lakes AVA?
To allow greater air circulation and light penetration.
56
What are the common winemaking techniques for Riesling in NY?
- fermented at cool temperature - a few hours of skin contact - keep the wines on the lees
57
What are the sub-AVAs of Long Island?
- North Fork - Hamptons
58
What are the climate of Long Island?
a maritime climate, long growing season
59
What grape varieties do well on Long Island?
Merlot Chardonnay Sauvignon Blanc
60
What are the diseases common in Long Island?
the fungal diseases
61
How are the fungal diseases managed in Long Island?
Spraying Leaf removal Sorting grapes
62
What are the soils of Long Island?
North Fork: sandy soils Hamptons: silt loam soils
63
What are the common training system in Long Island?
VSP
64
What are the significant producers in Fingerlakes?
Hermann J Wiemer Forge Cellars
65
What are the significant producers in Long Island?
Wolffer Estate Channing Daughters
66
When did the first commercial winery and the oldest active winery in the USA established and where?
1827 - the first commercial 1839 - the oldest active winery in the US Hudson River Region
67
What are the soils of Hudson River Region?
Glacial deposits of shale, slate, schist, limestone
68
What are the climate of Hudson River Region?
a continental with warm summers and cold winters
69
What are the hazards in Hudson River Region?
Frost and winter freeze
70
What are the hybrid varieties commonly planted in Hudson River Valley?
Seyval Blanc Vidal

WSET Level 4 Diploma D3 (31 decks)

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