Australia (South Australia & Victoria) Flashcards
When was the first settlers arrived in Australia?
1788
Who brought cuttings of European vines to Australia in 1830s?
James Busby
Which region is phylloxera free?
South Australia
What are the top 6 planted grapes in Australia?
Shiraz
Chardonnay
Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot
Sauvignon Blanc
What are the general trend of Shiraz’s winemaking styles?
- less intense
- more approachable
- reducing the amount of extraction by using
- whole bunch fermentation and/or reducing the levels of new oak
Where are the 2 leading regions for Cabernet Sauvignon?
Coonawarra and Margaret River
Where are the leading regions for Pinot Noir?
Yarra Valley
Mornington Peninsula
Tasmania
cool and moderate region
Where are the leading regions of Grenache?
McLaren Vale
Eden Valley
Barossa Valley
(old bush vines)
Where are the leading regions of Riesling?
Clare and Eden Valley
increasingly Great Southern, Canberra and Tasmania
What are the Geographical Indication from large to small?
Zone
Regions
Sub-regions
When did the Label Integrity Program introduced?
1990
What are the requirements for a region?
produce at least 500 tons of grape a year
5 differently owned vineyards each of at least 5 ha
If vintage of grape variety is mentioned on the label, what % of the grapes must confirm?
85%
Who oversees LIP?
the Australia Grape and Wine Authority (Wine Australia), growers, producers and suppliers are required to keep detailed records
What states does South Eastern Australia Zone cover?
- Victoria
- New South Wales
- Tasmania
- South-eastern corner of South Australia
- Queensland
What is the climate of South Eastern Australia Zone?
hot and continental
What is the mountain range creates rain shadow effect in South Eastern Australia Zone?
The Great Dividing Range, = rainfall is low
What are the common soil type in South Eastern Australia Zone?
Sandy soil = needs irrigation
What are the main grapes of production in South Eastern Australia Zone?
Shiraz and Chardoonay
What are the biggest producers located in South Eastern Australia?
Casella Family Brands (Yellowtail)
De Bortoli
What are the 3 main producing regions within South Eastern Australia Zone?
Riverland
Murray Darling
Riverina
What % production South Australia account for?
50%
What are the 2 regions within Barossa Zone?
Barossa Valley - the flat valley floor
Eden Valley - the hills to the east
What is the climate of Barossa Valley?
a warm climate with hot, sunny summer days but cooler nights. Rainfall is low during the growing season
What are the elevation of Barossa Valley?
250-370m
What are the soils of Barossa Valley?
ironstone layer in the northern part of the valley
When were the vines planted first in Barossa Valley?
1840s, no phylloxera, the world’s oldest vines of Shiraz and Grenache
What was the organization established in 2009 to record, reserve and promote these old vines in Barossa Valley?
The Barossa Old Vine Charter
Who are the significant producers of Barossa Valley?
John Duval
Glaetzer Wines
What is the elevation of Eden Valley?
600m
What is the most planted variety in Eden Valley?
Riesling
Who are the significant producers in Eden Valley?
Henschke
Pewsey Vale
What are the 2 important regions in Mount Lofty Ranges Zone?
Adelaide Hills
Clare Valley
What is the climate of Adelaide Hills?
cool maritime climate with rainfall
What are the sub-regions of Adelaide Hills?
Piccadilly Valley
Lenswood
What are diseases you find in Adelaide Hills?
fungal diseases and rot
= the higher rainfall, and humidity
How much % white varieties make up the production in Adelaide Hills?
64%
28% Sauvignon Blanc
What is the most planted black grapes of Adelaide Hills?
Pinot Noir
Who are the significant producers of Adelaide Hills?
Shaw + Smith
Penfolds