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WSET Level 4 Diploma D3 > Argentina > Flashcards

Argentina Flashcards

1
Q

When was the first recorded vineyard in Argentina planted by Spanish settlers?

A

1550s

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2
Q

When did Argentina declared independent from Spain?

A

1816

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3
Q

What are the pink varieties of Argentina?

A

Cereza, Criolla Grande, Criolla Chica

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4
Q

Who is responsible started to look export markets?

A

Nicolas Catena

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5
Q

Who are the famous wine consultants attived in 1980s and 1990s?

A

Michel Rolland
Alberto Anonini
Paul Hobbs

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6
Q

What are the altitude of Argentinian vineyards?

A

500 to above 1000 meters

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7
Q

What are the key effects of altitude?

A
  • wide diurnal temperature range
  • cooler night tempeatures
  • a high proportion of ultraviolet radiation = higher levels of tannins and anthocyanins
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8
Q

What are the general climate of Argentina?

A

a continental climate with low rainfall

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9
Q

What is the name of the hot, dry powerful wind which usually blows across Argentina in late spring and early summer?

A

Zonda

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10
Q

How producers prevent the risks of hail?

A
  • many producers use netting to protect their vines but covering a large vineyard area is very expensive, so only the most prized sites may be netted.
  • Rockets may be fired into thunderclouds, seeding them with silver iodde ro cause railfall rather than hail
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11
Q

what precautions can be taken to mitigate the risks of frost?

A

To mitigate the risks, avoid planting at the bottom of slopes as cold air is heavier than warm air and accumulates at the bottom of a slope and in valleys. If the area is prone to frost planting on the slope is the best option. Trellising should allow for vines to be trained higher from the ground. Bare soil absorbs heat in comparison to cover crops (including grass) and should be considered in frost prone areas. Delaying pruning is an option if frost is likely as it will delay budburst.

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12
Q

What type of soils are most of Argentina’s vineyards planted on?

A

Alluvial soils

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13
Q

When did a vine pulled scheme introduced?

A

1988

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14
Q

What is the typical method of irrigation?

A

flood irrigation

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15
Q

What is the traditional pergola system called?

A

Parral, to raise the grapes away from the heat of the ground and provide shade for the fruit
It is common for Criolla Grande, and Chicam Cereza and Pedro Gimenez

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16
Q

Why are the majority of vines are ungrafted?

A
  • Phylloxera has not caused any significant problems
  • sandy soils
  • arid climate
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17
Q

What are the examples of the modernization of viticulture in Argentina?

A
  • Mecanical harvesting
  • drip irrigation
  • canopy management
  • clonal selection
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18
Q

What are the most planted varieties in Argentina?

A
  • Malbec
  • Pink Criolla varieties
  • Bornada
  • Cabernet Sauvignon
  • Syrah
  • Pedro Gimenez
  • Torrontes
  • Chardonnay
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19
Q

What are the characteristics of Malbec from cooler sites (high altitude)?

A
  • lower alcohol
  • medium (+) acidity
  • firm, medium tannins
  • fresh fruit flavors with a mixture of red and black fruit and floral or herbal aromas
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20
Q

What are the characteristics of Malbec from warmer sites?

A
  • fuller bodied with riper fuirt characteristics
  • lower acidity
  • softer tannins
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21
Q

When does Malbec ripen?

A

a Mid-ripening

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22
Q

When does Bornada ripen?

A

a late-ripening variety

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23
Q

Who are the significant producers of super-premium wines?

A

Catena Zapata
Vina Cobos
Achaval Ferrer

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24
Q

What is the most planted white grape?

A

Pedro Gimenez

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25
What are the 3 different varieties of Torrontes?
Torrontes Riojano Torrontes Sanjuanino Torrontes Mendocino
26
What are the grape varieties is Torrontes a cross of?
Criolla Chica x Muscat of Alexandria
27
When does Torrontes ripen?
an early ripening
28
Where is Torrontes successfully grown?
Cafayate in Salta
29
What are the 3 tiers of Argentina's geographical indication?
IP: Indicacion de Procedencia IG: Indicacion Geografica DOC
30
What are the GI categories from largest to smallest?
Region Province Sub region Department District GI inside District
31
What are the % of grapes are required? Vintage and single varieties are on the label
Vintage: 85% Single varieties: 85%
32
What are the aging requirement of Reserva and Gran Reserva?
Reserva: 12 months for reds or 6 months for white and rose Gran Reserva: 2 years for reds or 1 year for white and rose
33
What are provinces of regional GI Cuyo?
Mendoza San Juan La Rioja
34
What are the elevation of Mendoza?
500m to 1500 m
35
What % is the black varieties planting in Mendoza?
62%
36
What are the 2 DOCs of Mendoza?
Lujan de Cuyo San Rafael
37
What are the 5 divisions of Mendoza?
Northern Eastern Central Uco Valley and Southern
38
What are the rivers run through Northern and Eastern Mendoza?
Mendoza River Tunuya River
39
What is Central Mendoza known as ?
Primera Zona
40
What are the most prestigious wine-producing departments in Central Mendoza?
Lujan de Cuyo Maipu
41
What are the elevation of Lujan de Cuyo?
900 -1100 m
42
What are the aging requirements of Lujan de Cuyo?
min 24 months, at least 12 months in oak
43
What are the district GI of Lujan de Cuyo?
Las Compuertas Agrelo
44
What are the soil types of Agrelo?
clay soil
45
What are the elevation of Maipu?
600 - 900m
46
What is the river run through Uco Valley?
Tunuyan River
47
What are the elevation of Uco Valley?
850 - 1500 m = higher diurnal range
48
What are the departments of Valle de Uco?
Tupungato Tunuyan San Carlos
49
What is the district within Tupungato?
Gualtallary
50
What is the elevation of Gualtallary?
1100 -1600 m
51
What is the soil type of Goaltallary?
Limestone
52
What is the district within San Carlos in Uco Valley?
Paraje Altamira
53
What are the soil types of Paraje Altamira?
Calcium carbonate and a stony topsoil
54
What are the elevation of Paraje Altamira?
1000 - 1200 m
55
What area is the coolest in Mendoza?
Tuuyan = Pinot Noir
56
Which department of Valle de Uco is situated at the foot of volcano?
Tupungato, the Mount Tupungato
57
What are the climate of San Rafael?
the summers are cooler and longer, resulting in slower sugar accumulation and good acid retention, prone to summer hailstorms
58
What is the signature white grape in Southern Mendoza?
Chenin Blanc
59
What is the prominent GI of San Juan?
Pedernal Valley ( 1250 - 1500m)
60
Who is the largest producer of La Rioja?
La Riojana, co-op
61
What is the river run through Salta?
Calchaqui River
62
What is the climate condition of Salta?
- Desert-like condition low latitudes and high altitudes = intense sunlight - The mountains surrounding the valley = shade for vineyards - The strong Zonda
63
What is the prominent GI within Salta?
Cafayate, at 1700 m
64
What are the climatic condition of Patagonia?
- low elevation - low temperature - less intense sunlight - rainfall level is low = irrigation
65
What are the varieties grow well in Rio Negro?
Pinot Noir Malbec Merlot Sauvignon Blanc Riesling
66
Where does Argentina rank in terms of wine production in the world?
the fifth largest
67
What are the vintage of 2016 for Argentina?
heavy rains by El Nino
68
What are the vintage of 2017 for Argentina?
Spring frost
69
What is the organization COVIAR?
brings together national and local governments, growers, producers and professional bodies, overseeing "Strategy 2020" to promote Argentinian wine further
70
Who are the leading producers of Argentina?
Catena Zapata Familia Zuccardi
71
Who are the largest Producers?
FeCoVITa: a collective of 29 co-operatives Grupo Penaflor: owns Trapiche and Finca Las Moras,

WSET Level 4 Diploma D3 (31 decks)

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