Chile Flashcards
When did Vinifera arrive in Chile?
1550s
Who imported Bordeaux grapes and a French winemaker, and when?
Silvestre Ochagavia Echazarreta
in 1850
What is the Climate of Chile in general?
a warm Mediterranean climate with a long dry and sunny growing season
What is the El Nino?
It occurs every two to ten years bringing much higher than average rainfall and much lower rainfall or drought in La Nina years. 2015 and 2016
Which the vineyard areas was planted first in Chile?
Central Valley
What is the name of the current that flows up the eastern coast of Chile, bringing cold water from Antarctica?
The Humboldt Current
What are the soil types of River Valleys?
alluvial soils with areas of clay, sand, silt, and gravel
What are the soil types of Coastal Range slopes?
Gravel soils with sand and silt
What is the soil types of the Andes?
Volcanic, granite soil
What is the soil types of the Limari Valley?
limestone
What are the 2 major graphical features to have a cooling effect?
The Pacific Ocean and the Andes
What % of vineyards are irrigated?
85%, very dry condition
Which regions receive more rainfall?
Bio Bio & Maule
What diseases do Chile’s vineyards commonly have?
Nemedotes
Is Chile phylloxera free?
yes = old, ungrafted vines, old bush vines of Pais, Muscat, Carignan and Cinsault in Itata and Maule
What are the most planted grapes of Chile?
Cabernet Sauvignon
Sauvignon Blanc
Merlot
Chardonnay
Carmenere
Pais
Syrah
When were many of vineyards pulled up?
1980s
When was Carmenere officially identified?
1994
What are the characteristics of Carmenere?
- full-bodied
- high level of tannins
- medium acidity
- flavors of ripe black fruits, herbaceous characteristics (bell pepper, eucalyptus)
- notes of spice, roasted coffee of dark chocolate when oaked
When does Carmenere ripen?
2 or 3 weeks later than Merlot and needs warm, sunny sites
Where is Syrah planted in Chile?
the cooler-climate style: San Antonio, Casablanca, Limari, Elqui,
the warmer-climate style: Colchagua Valley, fuller-bodied with more intense, riper black fruit flavors
What are the 5 main regional DO?
Atacama
Coquimbo
Aconcagua
Central Valley
Southern
What are the 4 categories of Denominaciones de Origen?
Region
Sub-region
Zone
Area
To qualify for DO status, what % of grapes used must come from the region?
75% or 85% for wines being exported
75% variety labeled wines