New Zealand Flashcards
What are most of New Zealand’s climate?
Martime, moderated by the cool Pacific Ocean
What is the climate of Central Otago?
a semi-continental
What are the latitude range of New Zealand?
36 - 46
When was the first grape vine planted and by who?
Samuel Marsden in 1819
When was James Busby first wine making recorded?
1840
What is the body of water separates two main islands?
the Cook Strait
What is the mountain ranges influence in the South Island?
the Southern Alps
what are the effects New Zealand receives because of the southern latitude location?
High UV radiation = the development color and tannins
a large diurnal range
Why are the canopy managements important in New Zealand vineyards?
- more rainfall = fungal diseases
- high level of sunshine
- fertile soils
What are the common training system in New Zealand?
- VSP with 2 canes
- Scott-Henry with 4 canes
What are the common hazards in New Zealand?
- Bird
- fungal diesaes
What are the top 5 planted grapes?
Sauvignon Blanc
Pinot Noir
Chardonnay
Pinot Gris
Merlot
Explain why Gimblett Gravels is an appropriate location for making Bordeaux style wines.
Located in Hawkes Bay, which is described as having a moderate maritime climate, Gimblett Gravels is located inland resulting in warmer temperatures during the day as there is less influence from the coast.
The soils are gravel and alluvial with a stony topsoil. The area has high annual rainfall, but the soils provide excellent drainage and in summer these soils allow the radiation of heat back to the ripening grapes.
The similarity in climate and soil with Bordeaux has led to the planting of Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc and Malbec which successfully ripen and produce high quality single varietal and blended red wines.
What are the sub-regions of Auckland?
Waiheke Island
West Auckland
Matakana
What are the specialty of Waiheke Island?
Cabernet Sauvignon or Syrah
What are the significant producers of Waiheke Island?
Man O’War
Stonyridge
What is the most planted variety in Gisborne?
Chardonnay
What is the climate of Gisborne?
Moderate maritime climate
high hours of sunshine
warming breeze
high level of percipitation
Who is the significant producers of Gisborne?
Lindauer
Milton Road - biodynamic
What is the second largest production region in NZ?
Hawke’s Bay
What are the 2 well-known sub-regions of Hawkes Bay? What are the soils?
Gimlett Gravels
Bridge Pa
both are located on alluvial terraces with gravelly soils
What are the soils of Hawke’s Bay?
gravelly alluvial soils similar to Medoc
What are the main varieties of Gimlet Gravels?
Syrah, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon
What are the 3 sub-regions of Wairarapa?
Masterton
Gladstone
Martinborough - the most renowned
What is the climate of Wairarapa?
a cool maritime climate,
strong winds from the Cook Strait
What are the soils of Wairarapa?
free-draining alluvial gravel terraces with silt loam and loess
What are the significant producers of Wairarapa?
Ata Rangi
Dry River
What are the most planted red and white varieties of Wairarapa?
Pinot Noir and Sauvignon Blanc
What is the name of a clone propagated from a cutting taken from Pinot Noir vines at DRC?
Abel clone
When was the modern era of Marlborough’s wine industry began in 1973? by who?
1973 by the director of Montana Wines (now Brancott Estate)
What is the climate of Marborough?
cool with moderately warm summers and mild winters. Very sunny region, receives 2410 sunshine hours, little rain
What is the soil of Marlborough?
alluvial soils
What are the sub-regions of Marlborough?
Wairau - the largest
Awatare
Southern Valley
What are the soils of Wairau?
gravel, silt, sand, loam and clay soils
What are the canopy management for Marlborough Sauvignon Blanc?
Row orientation and careful canopy management to produce the range of aromas desired - fully ripe fruit with tropical flavors on the sunny side of the canopy, higher green pepper and grassy (herbaceous) aromas from fruit grown on the shadier side of the canopy
When is Sauvignon Blanc from Marlborough picked?
Slightly early picking if proportion of herbaceous aromas required in the blend
What does high diurnal range affect to Sauvignon Blanc from Marlborough?
means a long growing season producing fruit with intense aromas and high acidity
What is the common method for harvesting Marlborough Sauvignon Blanc?
Mechanically harvested fruit creates some skin contact with juice from crushed berries during transportation to the winery leading to higher levels of herbaceous aromas
What are the common winemaking process for Marlborough Sauvignon Blanc?
- reduction of contact with oxygen
- selected yeast
- low fermentation temperature in stainless steel tank
- minimal aging on lees in stainless steel vessels
- use of ascorbic acid and SOs at bottling and bottling under screwcap to retain freshness
What are the sub-regions of Nelson?
Moutere Hills
Waimea Plains
What is the climate of Nelson?
a cool maritime climate
What are the soils of Moutere Hills?
clay based gravel soils with sandy loam topsoil
What are the soils of Waimea Plains?
alluvial soils with fine silt and clay loam
Who is the significant producer of Nelson?
Neudorf
What are the sub-regions of Canterbury?
North Canterbury
Canterbury Plains
What is the climate of North Canterbury?
a cool climate, sheltered by the Southern Alps
What are the sub-regions within North Canterbury?
Waipara Valley - limestone
Waikari - clay limestone
What is the aspect of vines in Central Otago?
west-facing, to provide protection from sunburn against the hot afternoon sun
What are the sub-regions of Central Otago?
Alexandra - hottest summer
Gibbston - highest and coolest
Bannockburn
Cromwell
Lowburn
Pisa
Bendigo - warmest
Wanaka
What is a new trademark with Marlborough wines in 2018?
Appellation Marlborough Wine, with the aim of protecting the region’s reputation as production volumes and export volumes continue to grow.
Grapes grown in Marlborough. Only Sauvignon Blanc
