Orbital pathology – signs & symptoms. Flashcards
the roof of the orbit lies subjacent to ?
anteriori cranial fossa and frontal sinus
defect in the roof of the orbit can cause what ?
proptosis result from the CSF pulsation into orbit
the lateral wall only protects what half of the eye ball ? which leads to what ?
only the posterior half of the eye wall
vunreble to lateral trauma
the floor of the orbit is also the ? leading to what complication ?
roof of maxillary sinus
maxillary carcinoma involving the orbit - displace globe upward
where is the lamina papyracea
the ethmoidal bone coverin the medial wall of orbit
lamina papyracea is very thin causing what ?
perforate very fast
what is orbital cellulitis, why does it occur?
purulent inflammation of the cellular tissues in the orbit
secondary to ethmoidal sinusitis
or parasinusitus
deep penetrating injuries
what causes unilateral proptosis ?
graves disease
orbital cellulitis
idiopathic orbital inflammtory diseases
thrombosis of orbital vein
metastasis from breast lung cavernous hemangioma mucocele lymphoid tumor meningioma
what causes bilateral proptosis ?
hyperthyroidism, graves disease - exopthalmus
cavernous sinus thrombosis
what causes proptosis in children ?
dermoid and epidermoidal cyst capillaryhemagioma optic nerve glioma rhabdomyosarcoma leukemia metastic neuroblastoma plexiform neurofibromatosis
what are the types of proptosis ?
axial - eye is used directly forwards - lesions in optic nerve
space occupying lesion behind eyeball
non axial -
what are the two types of orbital cellulitis ?
preseptal - affects structure anterior to orbital septum - palpebra fascia
- erythema , conjunctival discharge
without restriction of ocular movements and visual impairment !!!
septal
orbital - affects structures behind the orbital septum severe pain , fever swelling of lids proptosis restriction of ocular movements ! diplopia abcess forming
what are the complication of orbital cellulitis ?
panopthalmitis
extenssion to brain through meninges - cavernous sinus thrombus may occur
diabetic - fungal superinfection
what are the extra signs graves disease other than exophthalmos ?
lid retraction lag
incomplete closure of eyelids - stellwag sign
lid edema
conjuctival congestion - at insertion of recti muscles
MOBIUS SIGN - convergence insuff
diplopia
what is the source of infection to the orbit ?
orbital veins
furuncle of upper lip
metastatic
septic
