27. Diseases of the lacrimal system. Flashcards
what are the diseases of the lower lacrimal system
dacrocystitis - inflammation of lacrimal sac
most of the time unilateral
canaliculitis - inflammation of the collecting canniculi
what are the diseases of the lacrimal gland ?
keratoconjuctivitis sicca
epiphora
dacroydentitis acuta
dacryadentitis chronica
what are tumors of the lacrimal gland
pleomorphic adenoma
what causes acute dacrocystitis ?
staphylocci
pseudomonas
due to obstruction of nasolacrimal duct
signs and symptom of acute dacrocytitis ?
symptoms
radiating strong pain - radiating to forehead and teeth
fever
signs
lymphadenopathy
incomplete obstruction - pus leaving punctum lacrimal
if the infection in acute dacrocystitis spread what happens
dakyophlegmone - increased risk for cavernous sinus thrombosis
what is the aetiology of chronic dacrocystitis ?
obstruction of nasolacrimal duct - with chronic conjunctivitis / rhinitis
tumors of lacrimal sac
what are the signs and symptoms fro chronic dacrocystitis ?
epiphora - excesive watering of eye
NO SIGNS OF INFLAMMATION
signs widening of lacrimal sac
pressure to lacrimal sac - large quantities of transparent mucoid pus to regurgitate through puncture
complication of chronic dacrocystitis ?
serpiginous
corneal ulcer
what is the treatment for chronic dacrocystitis ?
surgery - dacrocystorhinostomy
what causes canniculitis ?
aktinomyceten
nocardia
what ar the signs and symptoms for canniculitis ?
region is swollen and red and tender
epiphora
accompanying conductivity
pus
treatment for canniculitis ?
antibiotics or surgical incision of canniculus
what is keratoconjuctivitis sicca?
dryness of the conjunctiva and the cornea
what causes keratoconjuctivitis sicca?
decrease team - lacrimal gland atrophy with age
aplasia of lacrimal gland -sjoren syndrome, SLE sacroidosis
disturbance of mucin layer - vit a deff
disturbance of lipid layer - chronic blepharitis
rare blinking - parkinsons
what are the signs and symptoms of kertaoconjuctivitis sicca?
felling of foregone boy or dry eyes when closing
tired eyes
problems with completely closing eyes
kertaoconjuctivitis sicca has what complication
increased risk of infections , ulceration and cloudy cornea
what is the treatment for kertaoconjuctivitis sicca?
eye drops
surgical obliteration of puncta
what are the causes for epiphora ?
crying - emotional stress
increased irritation of eye - smoking , dust
obstructive drainige - stenosis of lower lacrimal system
yelid deformity - ectropion , entropion , eversion of punctum lacrimale
what is the cause for dacroyadenitis acute ?
rare condition, mostly one sided
complication of systemic measles , mumps
or - strep , pneumococci
local infection - hordeolum , conjuctivitis
signs and symptoms of dacroyadenitis acute?
Ptosis,
Fever,
Headache
pain when applying pressure in area of glands,
swelling
Dacryoadenitis chronica usually has association with inflammation of ?
parotid gland
what causes Dacryoadenitis chronica
incomplete courage of acute
chronic conjunctivitis,
systemic diseases -Tbc, Sarkoidosis
signs and symptoms of Dacryoadenitis chronica
More discrete than in the acute form, no pain.
Hardening of the gland
signs and symptoms of Pleomorphic Adnoma
asymptomatic swelling in lateral upper area of orbita
tumor is big ghost image (doppelbilder) or one sided Exophthalmus
