26.Inflammatory diseases of the lids. Lid tumors.

Question 1

what are the inflammatory diseases of the lids ?

Answer 1

contact eczema
seborrheic belpharitis
zoster opthalmicus
hordeolum

Question 2

what are the lid tumors

Answer 2

ductal cysts - with clear watery fluids
glands of moll -usually located at angle of eye

xanthelasma- lipoportein depositis , local fat metabolsim disorder
bilateral symmetrical distrabution

molluscum contagiosum - NON INFLAMMATORY contagous infection - molluscipoxvirus

cutaneous horn
keratocanthoma
hemngioma

malignant - basal cell carcinoma
squamous cell carcinoma
adenocarcinoma

Question 3

what is the aetiology of eczema ?

Answer 3

caused by an antigen - antibody reaction

Question 4

what is the signs and symptoms for eczema ?

Answer 4

signs
swelling
lichenification

symptoms
itching

Question 5

what is the treatment of eczema ?

Answer 5

eliminating causative agent

cortiocsteroids

Question 6

what is seborrheic blepharitis ?

Answer 6

sclay inflammation of the margin of the eyelids
both eyes are affected
chronic - due to reoccurence

Question 7

what is the aetiology of seborrheic blepharitis ?

Answer 7

constitution of skin 
seborrhea 
refractive anomalied 
hypersecretion from lacrimal glands 
external stimuli - dust

Question 8

what is the signs and symptoms of seborrheic blepharitis ?

Answer 8

thickening of the skin at margin of eyelid
eyelashes adhere - due increased secretion from the glands of the eyelid
scaly deposits form

Question 9

seborrheic blepharitis is accompanies by ?

Answer 9

chronic conjuctivitis

Question 10

what is the treatment of seborrheic blepharitis

Answer 10

scales and crusts
can usually be softened with warm olive oil and then easily removed with a cotton-tipped applicator.

local application of antibiotic ointment

lid hygiene

Question 11

what is zoster opthalmicus ?

Answer 11

endogenous reactivation of a VZV Infection in area of N. Ophthalmicus supply

Question 12

what is the risk factor for zoster opthalmicus ?

Answer 12

immunosuprresion

age

Question 13

what are the clinical signs and symptoms of zoster opthalmicus ?

Answer 13

one sided , or segmental , painful watery inflammation

hutchinson sign - reduced sensitivity at tip of nose - nasociliary

Question 14

what is the complication of zoster opthalmicus ?

Answer 14

conjuctivitis 
keratitis 
scleritis 
uveritis 
secodary glaucoma

Question 15

what is the treatment for zoster opthalmicus ?

Answer 15

aciclovir

Question 16

what is hordeolum?

Answer 16

inflammation of meibom gland - hordeolum interna

inflammation of lies or moll glad - hordeolum external

Question 17

what is the aetiology of hordeolum ?

Answer 17

staph areus

risk factors - diabetes , blepharitis ulcers

Question 18

what is the symptoms of hordeolum ?

Answer 18

pain
swelling of the affected area

affected gland visible as small nodule with central pus dot - hordeoulum externa

Question 19

what is the treatment for hordeolum?

Answer 19

antibiotics gentamicin eyedrops

red light

Question 20

who are at risk form xanthelsma ?

Answer 20

postmenapausla women
diabetes
dyslipidemia

Question 21

what is the reoccurrence rate of xanthelsama ?

Answer 21

high

Question 22

what is the treatment for xanthelasma?

Answer 22

only surgery to remove the plaques

Question 23

molluscum contagiosum usually affects whom ?

Answer 23

children and teenagers

Question 24

what does molluscum contagiosum look like

Answer 24

pinhead size lesion with central depression scattered near the upper and lower eyelid

Question 25

how is molluscum contagiousum treated ?

Answer 25

removed with curet

Question 26

what is cutaneous horn

Answer 26

yellowish brown cutaneous protrusions consist of keratin

Question 27

who is more affected by cutaneous horn

Answer 27

older patients

Question 28

what is the treatment for cutaneous horn

Answer 28

cutaneous horn should be surgically removed

Question 29

complication of cutaneous horn

Answer 29

25% of keratosis cases can develop into malignant squamous cell carcinoma

Question 30

what is keratocanthoma

Answer 30

A rapidly growing tumor with a central keratin mass that opens on the skin surface. tumor may resolve spontaneously, forming a small sunken scar.

Question 31

should exclude a basal cell carcinoma from diagnosing keratocanthoma why?

Answer 31

margin of a keratoacanthoma is characteristically avascular.

Question 32

what is the metastasising ability of Basal Cell Carcinoma

Answer 32

rarely metastasizes

Question 33

aetiology of basal cell carcinoma

Answer 33

genetic UV radiation arsenic chronic skin damage

Question 34

in what layers do basal cell carcinoma take place

Answer 34

basal cell layers of the epidermis and the sebaceous gland hair follicles

Question 35

what is the macroscopic charetertics of basal cell carcinoma ?

Answer 35

firm, slightly raised margin with a central crater and superficial vascularization with an increased tendency to bleed. Ulceration with “gnawing” peripheral proliferation - ulcers rodens ulcus terebans - deep infiltration - invasion of cartilage and bone

Question 36

what sign always suggest malignancy ?

Answer 36

Loss of the eyelashes

Question 37

aetiology of squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 37

actinic keratosis -preacanerous patch of thick, scaly or crusty skin carcinoma in situ - m.brown , erythroplasia , queyrat scars or chronic inflammations of the skin

Question 38

where does squamous cell carcinoma metastasis into

Answer 38

regional lymph nodes

Question 39

from where does adenocarcinoma arise ?

Answer 39

meibomian glands or the glands of Zeis

Question 40

what is the signs and symptoms of adenocarcinoma ?

Answer 40

firm, painless swelling is usually located in the upper eyelid and is mobile with respect to the skin but not with respect to the underlying tissue