26.Inflammatory diseases of the lids. Lid tumors. Flashcards
what are the inflammatory diseases of the lids ?
contact eczema
seborrheic belpharitis
zoster opthalmicus
hordeolum
what are the lid tumors
ductal cysts - with clear watery fluids
glands of moll -usually located at angle of eye
xanthelasma- lipoportein depositis , local fat metabolsim disorder
bilateral symmetrical distrabution
molluscum contagiosum - NON INFLAMMATORY contagous infection - molluscipoxvirus
cutaneous horn
keratocanthoma
hemngioma
malignant - basal cell carcinoma
squamous cell carcinoma
adenocarcinoma
what is the aetiology of eczema ?
caused by an antigen - antibody reaction
what is the signs and symptoms for eczema ?
signs
swelling
lichenification
symptoms
itching
what is the treatment of eczema ?
eliminating causative agent
cortiocsteroids
what is seborrheic blepharitis ?
sclay inflammation of the margin of the eyelids
both eyes are affected
chronic - due to reoccurence
what is the aetiology of seborrheic blepharitis ?
constitution of skin seborrhea refractive anomalied hypersecretion from lacrimal glands external stimuli - dust
what is the signs and symptoms of seborrheic blepharitis ?
thickening of the skin at margin of eyelid
eyelashes adhere - due increased secretion from the glands of the eyelid
scaly deposits form
seborrheic blepharitis is accompanies by ?
chronic conjuctivitis
what is the treatment of seborrheic blepharitis
scales and crusts
can usually be softened with warm olive oil and then easily removed with a cotton-tipped applicator.
local application of antibiotic ointment
lid hygiene
what is zoster opthalmicus ?
endogenous reactivation of a VZV Infection in area of N. Ophthalmicus supply
what is the risk factor for zoster opthalmicus ?
immunosuprresion
age
what are the clinical signs and symptoms of zoster opthalmicus ?
one sided , or segmental , painful watery inflammation
hutchinson sign - reduced sensitivity at tip of nose - nasociliary
what is the complication of zoster opthalmicus ?
conjuctivitis keratitis scleritis uveritis secodary glaucoma
what is the treatment for zoster opthalmicus ?
aciclovir
what is hordeolum?
inflammation of meibom gland - hordeolum interna
inflammation of lies or moll glad - hordeolum external
what is the aetiology of hordeolum ?
staph areus
risk factors - diabetes , blepharitis ulcers
what is the symptoms of hordeolum ?
pain
swelling of the affected area
affected gland visible as small nodule with central pus dot - hordeoulum externa
what is the treatment for hordeolum?
antibiotics gentamicin eyedrops
red light
who are at risk form xanthelsma ?
postmenapausla women
diabetes
dyslipidemia
what is the reoccurrence rate of xanthelsama ?
high
what is the treatment for xanthelasma?
only surgery to remove the plaques
molluscum contagiosum usually affects whom ?
children and teenagers
what does molluscum contagiosum look like
pinhead size lesion with central depression scattered near the upper and lower eyelid
how is molluscum contagiousum treated ?
removed with curet
what is cutaneous horn
yellowish brown cutaneous protrusions consist of keratin
who is more affected by cutaneous horn
older patients
what is the treatment for cutaneous horn
cutaneous horn should be surgically removed
complication of cutaneous horn
25% of keratosis cases can develop into malignant squamous cell carcinoma
what is keratocanthoma
A rapidly growing tumor with a central keratin mass that opens on the skin surface.
tumor may resolve spontaneously, forming a small sunken scar.
should exclude a basal cell carcinoma from diagnosing keratocanthoma why?
margin of a keratoacanthoma is characteristically avascular.
what is the metastasising ability of Basal Cell Carcinoma
rarely metastasizes
aetiology of basal cell carcinoma
genetic
UV radiation
arsenic
chronic skin damage
in what layers do basal cell carcinoma take place
basal cell layers of the epidermis and the sebaceous gland hair follicles
what is the macroscopic charetertics of basal cell carcinoma ?
firm, slightly raised margin with a central crater and superficial vascularization with an increased tendency to bleed.
Ulceration with “gnawing” peripheral proliferation - ulcers rodens
ulcus terebans - deep infiltration - invasion of cartilage and bone
what sign always suggest malignancy ?
Loss of the eyelashes
aetiology of squamous cell carcinoma
actinic keratosis -preacanerous patch of thick, scaly or crusty skin
carcinoma in situ - m.brown , erythroplasia , queyrat
scars or chronic inflammations of the skin
where does squamous cell carcinoma metastasis into
regional lymph nodes
from where does adenocarcinoma arise ?
meibomian glands or the glands of Zeis
what is the signs and symptoms of adenocarcinoma ?
firm, painless swelling is usually located in the upper eyelid and is mobile with respect to the skin but not with respect to the underlying tissue
