Orbital Disorders Flashcards
Bone that allows sinus infections to spread into the orbit
Medial Wall
Thyroid Eye Disease
autoimmune disorder where antibodies affecting thyroid also react against orbital fibroblasts, causing inflammation and fibrosis
Signs of Thyroid Eye Disease
inflammation, fibrosis, compression within orbit around optic nerve
results in proptosis
Mx of Thyroid Eye Disease
stop smoking referral to manage thyroid issues lubricants, lid taping for exposure systemic steroids surgery for compressive neuropathy, proptosis, EOMs
Presentation of Thyroid Eye Disease
lid retraction, eyes bulging
hyperemia, often around mm insertion
chemosis
EOM issues- most often up gaze
Eyelid retraction can cause…..
exposure keratopathy
Preseptal Cellulitis
infection of subcutaneous tissues anterior to orbital septum
can spread posteriorly into orbit or cavernous sinus
Causes of Preseptal Cellulitis
skin trauma
periocular infection
systemic infection
Signs of Preseptal Cellulitis
swollen, firm, tender red eyelid
normal VAs, pupils, EOMs
fever
Tx for Preseptal Cellulitis
oral antibiotics
Orbital Cellulitis
infection of tissues posterior to orbital septum
sight or life threatening
Causes of Orbital Cellulitis
starts in paranasal sinuses
may spread from preseptal cellulitis, dental infection, following trauma, through blood
Signs of Orbital Cellulitis
periorbital swelling with marked fever decreased VAs, color vision APD extreme proptosis and chemosis pain
Mx of Orbital Cellulitis
hospitalization
IV antibiotics
Nonspecific Orbital Inflammation
not related to infection- idiopathic
swelling causes frozen orbit- eyes move very little
Mx of Nonspecific Orbital Inflammation
surgery
steroids
NSAIDs
often resides on its own
Dacryoadenitis
inflamed lacrimal gland
swelling w/o bony erosion on CT
S shaped lid
Possible causes of Dacryocystitis
thyroid disease
virus/ bacterial infection
Sarcoid
Sjogren
Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis
infection originating in sinus or spreading from elsewhere
block of venous drainage causes severe lid edema
ophthalmic vein dilated
Tx of Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis
IV antibiotics
anticoagulants
Carotid Cavernous Sinus Fistula
compressed internal carotid artery in cavernous sinus
shows tortuous limbal vessels
tortuous vessels and dot-blot hemes on fundus
Diagnosing Carotid Cavernous Sinus Fistula
catheter angiography
Dacryops
blocked duct from lacrimal gland
Mx of Dacryops
surgical removal
Dermoid Cyst
keratinized epidermis- growth of ectoderm
skin not swollen
bulging from under lid
Sinus Mucocoele
chronic unilateral conjunctivitis
cystic accumulation of mucus in sinus
Diagnosis of Sinus Mucocoele
CT scan
