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Head and Neck Anatomy > Orbit > Flashcards

Orbit Flashcards

1
Q

Name the bones that make up the orbit (7)

A

Frontal

Zygoma

Maxilla

Ethmoid

Lacrimal

Sphenoid

Palatine

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2
Q

What structures pass through supraorbital notch?

A

supraorbital nerve and artery

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3
Q

What are the eyelids called?

A

Tarsus

Tarsus contains tarsal gland which releases oily secretions to lubricate eye

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4
Q

What are the ligaments at the medial and lateral aspects of the eye called?

A

Medial and lateral palpebral ligaments

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5
Q

What ligaments support the eyeball?

A

Check ligaments - restrict movement of medial and lateral recti

Suspensory ligaments support eyeball in orbit, pass between recti and inferior oblique/rectus

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6
Q

What forms the outer layer of the eyeball?

A

Cornea and sclera

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7
Q

What forms the vascular middle layer?

A

Iris, ciliary body, choroid

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8
Q

What is the inner layer of the eyeball?

A

Retina

contains optic disc, rods and cones

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9
Q

What is the macula lutes?

A

Fovea of macula

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10
Q

Describe the difference between aqueous and vitreous humor

A

Aqueous

  • Anterior chamber, anterior to lens
  • maintains intraocular pressure
  • Made by ciliary body and drains into corneo-scleral junction

Vitreous
- Transparent jelly that allows light to pass to retina

  • In posterior chamber, posterior to lens
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11
Q

List the intrinsic muscles of the eye

A

Dilator pupillae

Sphincter pupillae

Cilliary muscle

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12
Q

List the extra-ocular muscles

A 
Lateral rectus 
Medial rectus 
Superior rectus 
Inferior rectus 
Superior oblique 
Inferior oblique 
Levator palpebrae
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13
Q

Describe the features of dilator papillae

A

Increases diameter of pupil.

Composed of radial fibres.

Sympathetic response = increases light into eye

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14
Q

Describe the features of sphincter papillae

A

Decreases the diameter of the pupil

protects eye from intense light

composed of circular fibres

Parasympathetic response via CN III

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15
Q

Describe the features of the ciliary muscle

A

Act to change shape of lens

Allows light to refract as it passes through lens to focus on retina

Relaxed = lens stretched –> distant vision

Contracted = lens relaxed and thick –> near vision

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16
Q

Innervation of the ciliary muscle?

A

Occulomotor CN III

17
Q

Describe the innervation of the extra ocular muscles

A

LR6
SO4

Rest CN III

18
Q

Pneumonic for actions of extra ocular muscles

A

RADSIN

Recti Adduct
- except lateral

Superior Intort

19
Q

What is the route of the optic nerve?

A

Leaves orbit via optic canal

Forms chiasm over pituitary fossa

Sends optic tracts towards thalamus

Optic radiations carry information to primary visual cortex

20
Q

How do the other nerves enter the orbit?

A

Superior orbital fissure.

21
Q

What nerves pass through cavernous dorsal venous sinus before reaching superior orbital fissure?

A

CN III, IV, V along walls

CN VI in middle next to internal carotid

22
Q

Which nerves do not pass through annular ring?

A

CN VI

Parts of CN V

23
Q

Branches of CN V1

A

Frontal = supraorbital and supratrochlear branches

Nasociliary = ant and post ethmoidal

Lacrimal

24
Q

Which muscles are supplied by superior division of CN III?

A

Levator palpebre superioris

SR

25
Q

Which muscles are supplied by inferior division of CN III?

A

MR
IR
IO
Parasympathetic fibres to intrinsic muscles

26
Q

What muscle can CN VI be seen on

A

LR

27
Q

What can CN IV be seen on?

A

Surface of SO before piercing and innervationg it

28
Q

What artery supplies orbit and how does I it enter the orbit?

A

Ophthalmic (branch of ICA)

Enters through optic canal with optic nerve

29
Q

What nerve supplies the lacrimal apparatus

A

secretomotor fibres CN VII carried in CN V1

30
Q

Lesser petrosal nerve is parasympathetic supply from which nerve?

A

CN IX

31
Q

Great petrosal nerve is parasympathetic supply from which nerve?

A

CN VII

Head and Neck Anatomy (14 decks)

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