Face and Scalp Flashcards
Name the muscles of facial expression
Frontalis
Fronto-occipitalis
Corrigator supercili
Platysma
Procerus
Nasalis
Buccinator
Orbicularis oculi
Zygomaticus major and minor
Levator labii superioris
Levator anguli
Depressor angluli inferioris
Depressor labii inferioris
Mentalis
Risorius
Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
What muscles raise the lip/mouth?
Levator labii superioris
Levator anguli superioris
Which muscles lower the lip/mouth?
Depressor angli oris
Depressor labii inferioris
Mentalis
What is the action of Risorius?
from fascia over parotid to corner of mouth, raises corner to form happy smiling expression.
Which muscles of facial expression act on the nose?
Nasalis
Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
What is the action of zygomaticus major/minor?
Raise corners of mouth
What face is made by action of
1. Procernus
- Corrigator
supercilli - Frontalis
- Scrunch above nose
- Huh face, 1 eyebrow raised
- Shocked face
What is the action of Nasalis?
Transverse part - Nose scrunching
Alar part - nostril flaring
What is the innervation to the muscles of facial expression?
Facial nerve
Sensory to face?
Trigeminal
Motor to temporalis and masseter?
Trigeminal
Name the branches of the facial nerve?
Two Zebras Bit My Coccyx + PA
Temporal Zygomatic Buccal Marginal mandibular Cervical Posterior auricular
What muscle is supplied by the cervical branch of the facial nerve?
Platysma
Which muscles are supplied by marginal mandibular branch?
Depressor anguli oris
Depressor labii oris
Mentalis
Which muscles are supplied by the buccal branch?
Zygomaticus
Levator labii and anguli
Buccinator
Orbicularis oris
Nasalis
Which muscles are supplied by the temporal branch of the facial nerve?
Frontalis
Orbicularis oculi
Which muscle is innervated by posterior auricular nerve?
Occipitalis
What muscle is innervated by the zygomatic branch of facial nerve?
Orbicularis oculi
What is the 3rd branch of the external carotid artery?
Facial artery
Which arteries supply the face?
Facial
Supratrochlear and supraorbital
Transverse facial branch
Where are the supratrochlear and supraorbital branches derived from?
What area of the face do they supply?
- ICA
- Forehead
True or false?
The facial artery is bigger than the facial vein.
False
- vein is often bigger and is much less tortuous
Which veins does the facial vein join?
Anterior retromandibular then drains into internal jugular vein
Where does the facial nerve communicate with vessels in the pterygoid venous plexus?
Infratemporal fossa
What are the layers of the scalp from external to internal?
Skin Connective tissue Aponeurosis Loose areolar connective tissue Periosteum (cranium)
What supplies the scalp with blood?
Branches of ICA and ECA
ICA = anterior
- Supratrochlear, supraorbital
- superficial temporal
ECA and superficial temporal supply the rest
- Posterior auricular
- Occipital
What are emissary veins?
Veins that pass through the skull to allow communication with dural venous sinus
route of infection
Which nerves contribute to innervation of scalp?
CNV1, CNV2, CNV3
C2/3 nerve roots - posterior scalp behind auricles
When does the inferior alveolar nerve end?
When it passes through the mental foramen to form mental nerve
- Ophthalmic branches?
- Maxillary branches?
- Mandibular branches?
Supplying sensory innervation to face
- Frontal, nasocilliary
- Superior alveolar, infraorbital
- Lingual, Inferior alveolar, auriculotemporal
Dermatomes of face and scalp
No C1
C2 = posterior head
- greater and lesser occipital nerves
C3 - neck
Anterior scalp/face = trigeminal
Describe the lymphatic drainage of the face and scalp?
Occipital, mastoid, parotid, submandibular and submental nodes then into deep cervical
