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Head and Neck Anatomy > Larynx > Flashcards

Larynx Flashcards

1
Q

What type of cartilage is the larynx composed of?

A

Hyaline

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2
Q

What joint type exists between sections of larynx?

A

Synovial plane

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3
Q

Which muscles attach to the larynx?

A

Sternothyroid

Thyrohyoid

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4
Q

What is the largest cartilage of the larynx and what structure does it form??

A

Thyroid

Laryngeal prominence

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5
Q

What attaches the thyroid to the hyoid one?

What is the point of this?

A

Thyrohyoid membrane

Ensure muscles raising hyoid will also raise larynx

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6
Q

What articulates with the thyroid cartilage inferiorly

A

Cricoid cartilage

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7
Q

Sternothyroid, thyrohyoid and inferior constrictor attach to what part of thyroid?

A

Oblique line

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8
Q

The cricoid is thicker anteriorly. True or false?

A

False.

Thin anteriorly, signet posteriorly

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9
Q

What is the cricoid cartilage an attachment site for?

A

Intrinsic muscles of larynx e.g cricoarytenoids

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10
Q

What attaches the trachea and cricoid?

A

Cricotracheal ligament

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11
Q

What are the arytenoid cartilages?

A

They articulate with cricoid and move the vocal folds

Each has a muscular attachment = post and lat cricothyroid muscles

And a vocal process

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12
Q

What are the corniculate and cuneiform cartilages?

A

Tiny bits of cartilage that attach and support aryepiglottic folds

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13
Q

What type of cartilage epiglottis is the composed of?

A

elastic

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14
Q

Which muscles move the larynx?

A

None

it passively bends over the opening of the larynx

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15
Q

what is the function of the epiglottis?

A

Protects the opening of the airway

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16
Q

Describe the quadrangular ligament

A

Between arytenoid and epiglottis

The lower free edge is the false vocal fold

Upper border = aryepiglottic fold

17
Q

What forms the true vocal fold?

A

Cricothyroid membrane

18
Q

What is the rima glottidis?

A

Most posterior place between the vocal folds

19
Q

List the extrinsic muscles of the larynx

A

Supra and infra hyoid muscles

Digastric
Stylohyoid
Mylohyoid
Geniohyoid

Stylopharyngeus
Salpingopharyngeus
Palatopharyngeus

20
Q

List the intrinsic muscles of the larynx

A

Cricothyroid
Thyroarytenoid
Posterior/lateral/oblique/transverse cricoarytenoid

21
Q

What is the action of the oblique arytenoids?

A

Pulls cartilages together i.e. folds together

Forming and incomplete sphincter around laryngeal inlet

22
Q

What is the action of cricothyroid muscle?

A

Tenses and elongates vocal folds = increases tension = increased pitch

23
Q

Which intrinsic muscle of the larynx is the odd one out and why?

A

Cricothyroid

Situated anteriorly and innervated by external laryngeal branch of vagus

24
Q

What is the innervation of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx?

A

Recurrent laryngeal branch of vagus except cricothyroid

25
Q

What is the action of Thyroarytenoid?

A

Opposite of cricothyroid

Acts to pull arytenoids forwards to thyroid, shortening the folds and decreasing tension = decreased pitch

26
Q

What is the action of posterior cricoarytenoid?

A

Rotates vocal process laterally

Abducting vocal cords

27
Q

What is the action of lateral cricoarytenoid?

A

Rotates vocal process medially

adducts vocal folds and closes airway

28
Q

What is the action of transverse arytenoid?

A

Closes rima glottidis

29
Q

What is external laryngeal a branch of?

A

Superior laryngeal (X)

30
Q

Route of recurrent laryngeal

A

Ascends neck between trachea and oesophagus then passes under inferior constrictor of pharynx into larynx

31
Q

Describe the blood supply to the larynx?

A 
o	Inferior thyroid 
           - From thyrocervical trunk of subclavian 
o	Superior thyroid 
           - From external carotid 
o	Superior laryngeal 
           - From superior thyroid 
o	Inferior laryngeal 
          - From inferior thyroid
32
Q

Where does the superior thyroid vein drain

A

Internal jugular

33
Q

Where does the inferior thyroid vein drain?

A

Left brachiocephalic

34
Q

Where does lymph from the larynx drain

A

paratracheal then deep cervical nodes

Head and Neck Anatomy (14 decks)

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