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Anatomy (Neck and Head) > Oral Region > Flashcards

Oral Region Flashcards

1
Q

What are the movements possible at the TMJ?

A
  • Depression (gravity and digastric)
  • Elevation
  • Protrusion
  • Retrusion
  • Lateral
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2
Q

What is the most common postion for jaw dislocation?

A

anterior (the mandibular condyle displaces anterior to the articular turbercle)

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3
Q

Who does TMJ more commonly affect?

A
  • younger people

- women

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4
Q

What are the muscles of mastication?

A
  • Masseter
  • Temporalis
  • Medial pterygoid (two heads)
  • Lateral pterygoid (two heads)
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5
Q

What nerve supplies motor innervation to the muscles of mastication?

A

Mandibular nerve (V3)

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6
Q

Temporalis actions

A
  • elevation

- retrusion

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7
Q

Masseter action

A

-elevation

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8
Q

Lateral pterygoid actions

A
  • protrusion (bilateral)

- lateral movement (unilatera

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9
Q

Medial pterygoid actions

A

bilateral:

  • elevation
  • protrusion

unilateral:
-lateral movement

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10
Q

Where does the Mandibular nerve (V3) pass through the cranium?

A

foramen ovale

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11
Q

Mandibular nerve (V3) motor

A

muscles of mastication

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12
Q

Mandibular nerve (V3) sensory

A

lower lip, chin, posterior/lateral cheek, up to the temporal area

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13
Q

What are the somatic sensory branches of Mandibular nerve V3?

A
  1. Buccal nerve
  2. Lingual nerve
  3. Auriculotemporal nerve
  4. Inferior alveolar nerve
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14
Q

Where is a inferior alveolar nerve block directed?

A

toward the mandibular foramen

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15
Q

Describe the pathway of the inferior alveolar nerve

A
  • out of the foramen ovale
  • into the mandibular foramen
  • through mandible
  • out the mental foramen where it becomes the mental nerve
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16
Q

What branch comes off the inferior alveolar nerve before heading into the mandibular foramen?

A

-Nerve to mylohyoid (small motor branch)

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17
Q

What does the nerve to mylohyoid supply?

A

motor:

  • mylohyoid
  • anterior digastric
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18
Q

Buccal nerve sensory

A
  • cheek

- mandibular gingivae

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19
Q

Lingual nerve sensory

A
  • mandibular gingivae
  • floor of mouth
  • anterior 2/3 of tongue
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20
Q

Auriculotemporal nerve

A

-ear region

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21
Q

Inferior alveolar nerve

A
  • mandibular teeth
  • mandibular gingivae
  • chin
  • lower lip
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22
Q

Chorda Tympani special sensory

A

Taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue

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23
Q

Chorda Tympani parasympathetic

A

Salivary glands:

  • submandibular gland
  • sublingual gland
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24
Q

Which nerve does Chorda tympani travel with to reach the tongue?

A

lingual nerve (CN V3)

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25
Q

Name the vessels branching from the external carotid

A

External carotid > Maxillary artery > middle meningeal > Inferior alveolar

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26
Q

Rupture of anterior branch of middle meningeal artery will cause?

A

epidural hematoma

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27
Q

Describe the flow of venous blood from the pterygoid venous plexus to the Subclavian

A

Pterygoid plexus > maxillary vein > Retromandibular vein > External jugular vein > Subclavian

*note:

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28
Q

What two structures does the pterygoid venous plexus communicate with? Significance?

A
  1. Facial vein
  2. Cavernous sinus

*potential for superficial-to-depp pathway for infection

29
Q

Where does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the nasal cavity?

A

sphenopalatine foramen

30
Q

Where does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the orbit?

A

inferior orbial fissure

31
Q

How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the middle cranial fossa?

A

foramen rotundum

32
Q

Name the nerves and vessels in the pterygopalatine fossa

A
  1. Maxillary nerve (CN V2)
  2. Pterygopalatine ganglion
  3. Maxillary artery
    • Sphenopalatine
    • Descending Palatine
    • Infraorbital
    • (Posterior) Superior Alveolar
33
Q

What does the pterygopalatine ganglion supply?

A

pterygopalatine ganglion recieves preganglionic fibers from the facial nerve (CN VII) (via greater petrosal nerve).

supplies:

  • lacrimal gland
  • mucosa of nasal vacity and palate
34
Q

What supplies sensory to the upper lip?

A

Infraorbital nerve (V2)

35
Q

What supplies sensory to the lower lip?

A

Mental nerve (V3)

36
Q

What supplies sensory to the cheek?

A

Buccal nerve (V3)

37
Q

How many total teeth do we have?

A

32

38
Q

How many incisors?

A

2 per quadrant

4 total

39
Q

How many canines?

A

1 per quadrant

2 total

40
Q

How many premolars?

A

2 per quadrant

4 total

41
Q

How many molars?

A

3 per quadrant

6 total

42
Q

What supplies somatic sensory to the maxillary gingiva?

A

Maxillary nerve (CN V2)

  • Superior alveoloar nerves
  • Infraorbital nerves
  • Nasopalatine nerve
  • Greater palatine nerve
43
Q

What supplies somatic sensory to the maxillary teeth?

A

Maxillary nerve (CN V2)

-Superior alveolar nerves

44
Q

What are the boundaries of the oropharynx?

A

anterior: posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Superiorly: soft palate
Laterally: palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches
Inferiorly: epiglottis

45
Q

What supplies somatic sensory to the mandibular gingiva?

A

Mandibular nerve CN V3

  • Buccal nerve
  • Lingual nerve
46
Q

Mandibular teeth sensory

A

Mandibular nerve CN V3

-Inferior alveolar nerve

47
Q

Genioglossus action

A
  • protrude tongue (bilateral)

- Deviate tongue to side (unilateral)

48
Q

Styloglossus action

A

retrude tongue

49
Q

Hyoglossus action

A

depress tongue

50
Q

Palatoglossus action

A
  • Elevate posterior tongue

- Depress soft palate

51
Q

What nerve innervates intrinsic and most extrinsic tongue muscles

A

Hypoglossal (CN XII)

52
Q

Which extrinsic tongue muscle is not innervated by hypoglossal?

A

Palatoglossus (innervated by Vagus CN X)

53
Q

What nerve supplies somatic sensory to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

Lingual nerve (CN V3)

54
Q

Which nerve supplies somatic sensory to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glossopharyngeal (CN IX)

55
Q

Special sensory (taste): Posterior 1/3 of tongue

A

Glossopharyngeal (CN IX)

56
Q

Special sensory (taste): anterior 2/3 of the tongue

A

Chorda tympani (Facial nerve (CN VII))

57
Q

Special sensory (taste): near epiglottis

A

Vagus nerve (CN X)

58
Q

Arterial supply to tongue

A

Lingual artery (branch of external carotid)

59
Q

Venous drainage of tongue

A

Deep lingual veins > Lingual Vein > Internal jugular vein

  • each side of frenulum
  • superficial location exploited in sublingual drug delivery
60
Q

Where does the Parotid gland open into the oral cavity?

A

Opposite the second maxillary molar

61
Q

Parasympathetic parotid gland: Where are the cell bodies of the preganglionic nerve supplying the parotid gland?

A

brain

62
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of parotid gland: preganglionic fibers

A

lesser petrosal branch of glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

63
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of parotid gland: post ganglionic cell bodies?

A

otic ganglion (in infratemporal fossa)

64
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of parotid gland: post ganglionic fibers?

A

hitchhike with auriculotemporal nerve (branch of CN V3)

65
Q

Parasympathetic preganglionic cell bodies of sublingual and submandibular glands

A

brain

66
Q

Parasympathetic preganglionic fibers for submandibular and submaxillary

A

CN VII Facial nerve, then chorda tympani, then hitchhike with the lingual nerve (CN V3)

67
Q

Parasympathetic postganglionic fibers for submandibular and submaxillary

A

follow arteries to reach the gland

68
Q

Parasympathetic postganglionic cell bodies for submandibular and submaxillary

A

submandibular ganglion

Anatomy (Neck and Head) (8 decks)

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