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Anatomy (Neck and Head) > Neck I (11.15.2017) > Flashcards

Neck I (11.15.2017) Flashcards

1
Q

What verterbral level is the hyoid bone?

A

C3

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2
Q

What innervates Platysma?

A

Facial nerve (CN VII)

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3
Q

What is the name of the fascia Platysma is inside of?

A

Platysma is inside superficial cervical fascia

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4
Q

What does the Carotid Sheath invest?

A
  1. Common/internal carotid arteries
  2. Internal Jugular Vein
  3. Vagus Nerve
  4. Deep cervical lymph nodes
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5
Q

If someone were to have an infection in their retropharyngeal space what symptoms might they have?

A
  • Difficulty swallowing

- Difficulty speaking

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6
Q

What are the borders of the anterior triangle of the neck?

A
  1. Sternocleidomastoid
  2. Mandible
  3. Midline of the neck
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7
Q

Name the 4 infrahyoid muscles?

A
  1. Sternohyoid
  2. Omohyoid
  3. Sternothyroid
  4. Thyrohyoid
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8
Q

What is the action rule of the infrahyoid muscles?

A

Depress hyoid

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9
Q

Innervation rule of the infrahyoid muscles?

A

Ansa cervicalis

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10
Q

Which two infrahoid muscles only depress the hyoid bone?

A

Sterno hyoid

Omohyoid

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11
Q

What is the action of the sternothyroid?

A
  1. Depress hyoid

2. Depress larynx

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12
Q

What are the two actions of Thyrohyoid?

A
  1. Depress hyoid

2. Raise Larynx

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13
Q

What innervates the thyrohyoid?

A

C1 via hypoglossal nerve

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14
Q

Name the 4 supra hyoid muscles?

A
  1. Mylohyoid
  2. Digastric
  3. Stylohyoid
  4. Geniohyoid
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15
Q

What is the action rule of the suprahyoid muscles?

A

Elevate the hyoid

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16
Q

What innervates the mylohoid?

A

mandibular nerve (CN V3)

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17
Q

What are the two actions of digastric?

A
  1. Elevate hyoid

2. Depress mandible

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18
Q

What innervates digastic?

A

Anterior belly: mandibular nerve (CN V3)

Posterior belly: facial nerve (CN VII)

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19
Q

What innervates stylohyoid?

A

Facial nerve (CN VII)

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20
Q

What innervates Geniohyoid?

A

C1 via hypoglossal nerve

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21
Q

What are the borders of the carotid triangle?

A
  1. Sternocleidomastoid
  2. Omohyoid
  3. Posterior belly of digastric
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22
Q

What vessel bifurcates inside the carotid triangle?

A

Common carotid

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23
Q

What are the borders of the posterior triangle of the neck?

A
  1. Trapezius
  2. Clavicle
  3. Sternocleidomastoid
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24
Q

What are the actions of sternocleidomastoid?

A

Unilateral:

  • ipsilateral lateral flexion of the neck
  • contralateral rotation of head

Bilateral:
-flex neck

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25
Q

What innervates the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

A

Accessory nerve (CN XI)

26
Q

Name the muscles (6) inside the posterior triangle of the neck?

A
  1. Inferior belly of omohyoid
  2. Anterior scalene
  3. Middle scalene
  4. Posterior scalene
  5. Levator scapulae
  6. Splenius capitis
27
Q

What are the actions of the 3 scalene muscles?

A
  • Laterally flex neck

- Elevate ribs

28
Q

What innervates the scalene muscles?

A

Cervical plexus (C1-C4)

29
Q

Where do the cutaneous branches of the cervical plexus emerge?

A

posterior edge of sternocleidomastoid muscle

*point for injection of anesthetic when performing neck proceedures

30
Q

Ansa cervicalis is a loop formed by which vertebral ventral rami?

A

C1 - C3

31
Q

Where is ansa cervicalis located in relation to the carotid sheath?

A

superficial

32
Q

What does the Ansa Cervicalis innervate?

A

most infrahyoid muscles

33
Q

Which cranial nerve does ansa cervicalis “hitchhike” with?

A

CN XII (Facial)

34
Q

Where is the phrenic nerve (C3-C5) located in relation to anterior scalene?

A

Phrenic nerve is superficial to anterior scalene muscles

35
Q

Where do the roots of the brachial plexus emerge?

A

between anterior and middle scalene

36
Q

Which triangle of the neck are the trunks of the posterior triangle located?

A

Posterior triangle

37
Q

Name the three branches off the aortic arch?

A
  1. Brachiocephalic trunk
    - Right subclavian
    - Right common carotid
  2. Left common carotid
  3. Left subclavian
38
Q

Where is the carotid pulse palpated?

A

common carotid

39
Q

What does the carotid body sense?

A

Carotid body has chemoreceptors (sense blood composition)

40
Q

What does the carotid sinus sense?

A

Carotid sinus contains baroreceptors (blood pressure)

41
Q

Stimulation of the carotid sinus can activate which nerve?

A

Glossopharyngeal (CN IX)

42
Q

What does the internal carotid artery supply?

A

intracranial structures (e.g. brain and orbit)

43
Q

What does the external carotid artery supply?

A
  • neck
  • scalp
  • part of orbit
44
Q

Name the (5) major external carotid artery branches?

A 
S-uperior thyroid artery
A-scending Pharyngeal artery
L-ingual artery
F-acial artery
O-ccipital artery

“Sal, Fuck off”

45
Q

Name the (3) branches of the subclavian artery in the neck?

A
  1. Internal thoracic artery
  2. Vertebral artery
  3. Thyrocervical trunk
46
Q

The vertebral artery travels through what structure of the vertebrae?

A

Transverse foramina

47
Q

Name the (3) branches in the neck of the thyrocervical trunk

A
  1. Inferior thyroid artery
  2. Transverse cervical artery
  3. Suprascapular artery
48
Q

Where is the external jugular vein in relation to the sternocleidomastoid?

A

superficial

49
Q

Where does the External jugular vein receive blood from?

A
  • Scalp
  • Face
  • Neck
  • Shoulder
50
Q

Where do the external jugular veins empty?

A

subclavian veins

51
Q

Where are the internal jugular veins in relation to the carotid sheath?

A

inferiorly within the carotid sheath

52
Q

What do the internal jugular veins drain?

A

structures within the cranial cavity

53
Q

Where do the interna. jugular veins join the subclavian vein?

A

venous angle

54
Q

Where do the subclavian veins course in relation to the clavicle and scalene muscles?

A
  • Between clavicle and 1st rib

- Anterior to scalene muscles

55
Q

What do the subclavian veins drain?

A

upper extremity, head and neck

56
Q

Where is a central line placed?

A

subclavian vein inferior to clavicle

57
Q

Where does lymph of the superficial tissue of the neck drain?

A

superificial cervical lymph nodes (along external jugular vein)

58
Q

Where does lymph from the face and scalp drain?

A

superficial ring lymph nodes

59
Q

Where does all lymph of the head and neck eventually drain?

A

deep cervical lymph nodes (along internal jugular vein)

60
Q

Where are the two places lymphatic vessels of the neck empty?

A
  1. Thoracic duct

2. Right lymphatic duct

Anatomy (Neck and Head) (8 decks)

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