Oral pathology Flashcards
What is dental attrition?
wearing of the occlusal surface of the teeth
What happens during dental attrition?
dentin exposure and deposition of secondary dentin keeping pace with the loss of enamels hence no pulp exposure
What is dental abrasion?
Wearing of enamel on non occlusal surface
What can dental abrasion cause?
increased risk in crown fracture & pulp exposure
What causes tooth fractures?
- due to chewing on hard objects
- can cause pulp exposure, pain, & abscess
What needs to be done to tooth with pulp exposure?
endodontics or extraction
What is slab fracture?
when slice of crown is separated from the side of the tooth (often expose pulp cavity)
What teeth does slab fracture often occur on?
carnassial teeth (4th upper premolars)
Common site for tooth root abscess
maxillary carnassial teeth
What is tooth root abscess usually the result of?
endodontic diseases
What can tooth root abscess become if untreated?
lead to osteomyelitis or cellulitis with fistulous tracts to skin or mucous
Treatment for tooth root abscess
extraction or root canal
What causes dental caries?
when bacteria on tooth surface ferment carbohydrates to form acids which causes demineralization of the teeth
most common site for dental caries on dogs
maxillary 1st molar of large dog breeds
treatment for dental caries
extraction
What causes pulpitis
mechanical trauma to tooth causing inflammation of the pulp
How can we identify pulpitis?
discolouration of the pulp
Treatment for pulpitis
- young animal can potentially recover from this but requires monitoring
- adult: root canal or extraction
What can malocclusion cause?
- trauma to teeth
- trauma to soft tissue
- advancing periodontal disease
- difficulty prehending food
- appearance
Treatment for malocclusion
- regular dental cleaning
- extraction of teeth that are causing problems
- orthodontics
What causes retained deciduous teeth
- lack of permanent tooth at site
- ankylosis of deciduous tooth to alveolus
- failure of permanent crown to contact deciduous root
When are incisors considered as retained?
3 months
When are deciduous canines considered as retained?
6-7 months
Why are retained deciduous teeth considered problematic?
- trap food & debris leading to local periodontal disease
- prone to breakage due to width of pulp cavity
- can lead to malocclusion
What will ensure safe extraction retained deciduous teeth
creating gingival flap to ensure that roots do not break during extraction
What causes dentigerous cysts?
cyst formation arise from the soft tissues attached to the crown of an unerupted tooth
What to do to prevent dentigerous cysts?
extraction of unerupted teeth
What are some options for dental home cares?
- chews
- water additives/ rinse/ gel
- pet toothpaste
How does VOHC certify dental products?
- test products over a minimum of 4 weeks period
- shown to clinically reduce plaque & tartar
Tips to brush teeth
- use circular motion
- hold the brush at 45 degree angle
