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Histo > oral mucosa > Flashcards

oral mucosa Flashcards

1
Q

a mucous membrane is an organ composed of what two tissues?

A

epithelium

connective tissue: lamina propria and sometimes submucosa

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2
Q

____ tissue is also embedded in oral mucosa, lingual, and palatine tonsils

A

lymphoid

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3
Q

the oral mucosa, especially the _____, but also the ____, contain cells of the immune system that are able to mount a protective response against infection

A

lamina propria; epithelium

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4
Q

____ synthesize and secrete several immune molecules and also anti-microbial peptides, called ____

A

epithelial cells; beta-defensins

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5
Q

beta defensins are ____ rich and ____

A

cysteine; cationic

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6
Q

beta defensins bind to negative charges on ____ and _____

A

bacterial membranes; permeabilize

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7
Q

oral mucosa is highly innervated, which augments ____ and _____ functions

A

protective; ingestive

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8
Q

all oral epithelium is classified as _____ epithelium; it is a ____ population of cells

A

stratified squamous; self-renewing

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9
Q

____ (aka epithelial cells) are the most numerous in the oral epithelium

A

keratinocytes

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10
Q

non keratinocytes in the oral epithelium

A

merkel cells - sensory- basal layers
melanocytes- pigment cells- basal layers
langerhans (dendritic) cells- immune- supra-basal layers

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11
Q

____ and ____ have a distinct clear appearance in sections stained with classic H&E techniques; can be distinguished from each other by location

A

langerhans cells; melanocytes

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12
Q

melanocytes make melanin using the enzyme _____

A

tyrosinase

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13
Q

alveolar mucosa is ____ while gingiva is ____

A

non-keratinized; keratinized

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14
Q

more superficial layers of keratinized and non-keratinized epithelium are distinct; keratinized epithelium has ____ layer and non-keratinized epithelium has ____ layer

A

granular; intermediate

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15
Q

all epithelial cells are keratinocytes that contain ____

A

cytokeratins

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16
Q

cytokeratins are a large (about 30) ____ family of proteins that assemble into _____ to provide cytoskeletal support

A

multigene; intermediate filaments

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17
Q

2 major groups of cytokeratins

A

type I (acidic) and type II (basic)

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18
Q

cytokeratins are the intracellular component of ____ and ____

A

desmosomes; hemidesmosomes

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19
Q

cytokeratins contribute to ____ in both keratinized and non-keratinized oral mucosa ; and in both types, amount of cytokeratin ____ in superficial layers

A

mechanical toughness; increases

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20
Q

keratinized specific cytokeratins promote _____ and promote binding to another molecule, ____ (main component of keratohyalin granules)

A

aggregration (tonofibrils); fillagrin

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21
Q

specific nonkeratinized cytokeratin types ____ promote aggregration

A

DO NOT

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22
Q

keratinized epithelium is ____ but less _____ than non-keratinized epithelium

A

tougher; flexible

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23
Q

membrane coating granules are membrane bound organelles, filled with _____; first appear in ____ cell layer

A

glycolipids; upper prickle

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24
Q

membrane coating granules occur in both keratinized and non-keratinized epithelia and serve as an _____ barrier to _____ substances

A

intercellular ; aqueous

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25
Q

15 nm cross-linked protein sheath comprised of loricrin and other proteins

A

cornified envelope (of keratinized epithelium)

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26
Q

lamina propria- most volume occupied by ____

A

ECM

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27
Q

cells also present in the lamina propria

A

fibroblasts (most numerous)

macrophages, mast cells, other inflammatory cells

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28
Q

components of the ECM

A

PGs and GAGs
glycoproteins (fibronectin)
collagen (type I and III)
ELASTIN

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29
Q

the relative amount of type I : type III collagen is ____ for _____ regions of the oral cavity

A

greater; less flexible

30
Q

elastin is more prominent in ____ than in ___ or ____

A

oral mucosa; pulp; PDL

31
Q

“stippling” of gingiva reflects underlying ____ and ____

A

epithelial rete pegs; connective tissue papillae

32
Q

present under some regions of oral mucosa; contains larger BVs and nerves supplying superficial LP

A

submucosa

33
Q

the submucosa contains ____ and separates the LP from ____

A

glands; bone and muscle

34
Q

the lamina propria of lining mucosa has fewer ____ and more ____

A

collagen fibers; elastic fibers

35
Q

the dense lamina propria of masticatory mucosa has more ____ and fewer ____

A

collagen fibers; elastic fibers

36
Q

part of free gingiva which faces tooth, generally non-keratinized

A

sulcular epithelium

37
Q

all components are present in the external basal lamina of the junctional epithelium, but ____ components are absent in the internal basal lamina

A

collagen

38
Q

collagen components of the ____ provide direct connection to collagen of the _____

A

basal lamina; lamina propria

39
Q

consistent with its origin from ____, junctional epithelium expresses a protein initially associated with _____

A

reduced enamel epithelium; ameloblasts (odontogenic ameloblast-associated protein or ODAM)

40
Q

the ____ component of the oral mucosa and the ____ maintain a barrier that retards the movement of microorganisms to the underlying tissues

A

epithelial; basal lamina

41
Q

types of fibers in the pulp and dentin and their functions

A

Adelta, C fibers, and Abeta fibers: (mostly) pain

42
Q

types of fibers in the PDL and their functions:

A

Adelta and C fibers: (mostly) pain

Abeta fibers: proprioceptive

43
Q

types of fibers in the oral mucosa and their functions:

A

Adelta and C fibers: pain
Adelta and C fibers: thermal
Abeta fibers: touch
(?) Adelta fibers: taste

44
Q

relatively fast turnover can ____, but it can also make tissues more vulnerable to conditions that affect ____

A

speed healing; cell division (like chemo/radiotherapy)

45
Q

“clear” cells (melanocytes and langerhans cells) are dramatically revealed by ____ of _____

A

lack; cytokeratin staining

46
Q

tyrosinase is an ____ that is the rate-limiting enzyme for controlling the production of ____

A

oxidase; melanin

47
Q

prickle cell layer appearance due to _____

A

desmosomes

48
Q

keratinized epithelium can be found on:

A

gingiva, hard palate, dorsum of the tongue

49
Q

non-keratinized epithelium can be found on:

A

buccal mucosa, soft palate, alveolar mucosa

50
Q

cytokeratins have a central ____ core, flanked by ____ ends

A

helical; non-helical

51
Q

cytokeratins assemble into _____ (helical regions critical)

A

coiled heterodimer

52
Q

? heterodimers = intermediate filament (10 nM)

A

about 10K

53
Q

strongest cytoskeletal element; resist mechanical force without breaking

A

intermediate filaments

54
Q

rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in cytokeratins 4 and 13; affects non-keratinized epithelia; soft, white, spongy plaques that are clinically benign

A

white sponge nevus

55
Q

cells in the superficial layers of non-keratinized epithelium retain ____ and contain ____

A

nuclei; cytokeratin tonofilaments

56
Q

cells in the superficial layers of keratinized epithelium contain no ____ but are packed with ____

A

organelles; cytokeratin (tonofibril)/ fillagrin complexes

57
Q

differences in chemical composition of membrane coating granules creates:

A

more effective barrier in keratinized epithelium

58
Q

the prickle cell layer of non-keratinized epithelium contains _____, while the prickle cell layer of keratinized epithelium contains _____

A

tonofilaments; tonofibrils

59
Q

the granular layer of keratinized epithelium contains _____

A

keratohyalin granules

60
Q

____ is present at the epithelial/ connective tissue interface

A

basal lamina

61
Q

epithelial/connective tissue interface is convoluted with:

A

epithelial rete pegs
connective tissue papillae (in the papillary layer)
reticular layer underneath papillary layer

62
Q

area where lamina propria is connected to muscle, with no submucosa

A

tongue

63
Q

lamina propria connected to bone, with no submucosa is called a _____

A

mucoperiosteum

64
Q

areas with mucoperiosteum

A

gingiva
hard palate next to gingiva
rugae region
median raphe

65
Q

places where there is lining mucosa:

A 
alveolar mucosa
soft palate
underside of the tongue
floor of the mouth
inside of cheeks
66
Q

places with masticatory mucosa

A

gingiva and hard palate

67
Q

specialized mucosa found on the:

A

dorsum of the tongue

68
Q

lining mucosa is ____ or ____ epithelium of variable thickness

A

non-keratinized; parakeratinized

69
Q

presence of submucosa in lining mucosa?

attachment to bone or muscle is ____ and ____

A

submucosa usually present

attachment to bone or muscle is loose and flexible

70
Q

vascular supply of maxillary gingiva

A

superior alveolar a.

palatine a.

71
Q

vascular supply of mandibular gingiva

A

inferior alveolar a.
buccal a.
mental a.
sublingual a.

72
Q

3 ways that vasculature can get into the gingiva

A

PDL
interdental septa
oral mucosa

Histo (14 decks)

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