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Histo > enamel tissue > Flashcards

enamel tissue Flashcards

1
Q

enamel is ____ % by weight inorganic substance

A

96%

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2
Q

principal mineral component is ____; enamel crystals, compared to other 3 mineralized tissues, are ___ and consist of more ____

A

calcium hydroxyapatite; larger; impurities (fluoride, carbonate)

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3
Q

enamel is ___% by weight organic substance

A

1%

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4
Q

the highest percentage (90%) of the organic substance of enamel is composed of ____, a seed protein for normal mineralization

A

amelogenin

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5
Q

____ makes up 3% by weight of enamel

A

water

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6
Q

DEJ configuration is ____ in the coronal area for adaptation to occlusal forces

A

scalloped

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7
Q

DEJ configuration is ____ in cervical areas (non-load bearing areas)

A

smooth

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8
Q

ameloblasts are _____ epithelial cells

A

columnar

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9
Q

the ____ of the tooth germ gives rise to ameloblasts

A

inner epithelial layer

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10
Q

growth lines of enamel are called _____

A

growth lines or striae of Retzius

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11
Q

4 mineralized tissues of the body

A

enamel (the hardest)
dentin
cementum
bone

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12
Q

growth lines of dentin, cementum, and bone

A

dentin- von Ebner
cementum- lines of Slater
bone- lamellae

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13
Q

____ are numerous small transverse ridges on the exposed surfaces of enamel

A

perikymata

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14
Q

_____ end on the enamel surface as grooves; _____ are created between the grooves

A

striae or lines of Retzius; ridges (Perikymata)

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15
Q

each perikymata is thought to take approx ____ to form

A

8-10 days

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16
Q

perikymata are found on all permanent teeth, but are usually most noticeable on _____

A

canines

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17
Q

the structures of enamel are due to the ___ and ___ of the apatite crystals in each site

A

direction; density

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18
Q

structural unit of enamel

A

enamel rods

19
Q

an enamel rod has a diameter of ____ and a length of up to ____

A

5-6 micrometers; 2.5 mm

20
Q

each rod is formed by ____

A

one ameloblast

21
Q

outer surface of the rod

A

enamel sheath

22
Q

the highest percentage of organic material in the enamel sheath

A

amelin

23
Q

lies between the sheaths of the rods

A

interrod substance

24
Q

_____ secrete the interrod substance

A

two or more ameloblasts

25
Q

crystal density and direction in enamel rod, sheath and interrod substance

A

rod: hydroxyapatite crystals are most dense in the center or core of the rod and run parallel to the long axis of the rod
sheath: less dense than core and run in different direction; higher % of organic substance
interrod: more dense than in sheath and run in different directions

26
Q

each ameloblast secretes ____ and two or more ameloblasts secrete the _____

A

one rod and its sheath; interrod substance

27
Q

rest period of an ameloblast is marked by an _____; a rod is segmented because it is secreted in a ____ manner

A

interrod striation; rhythmic

28
Q

enamel rods are at ____ to the dentin surface

A

right angles

29
Q

extend for varying depths from the surface of enamel and consist of linear, longitudinally oriented defects filled with enamel protein or organic debris from the oral cavity

A 
enamel lamellae
(extend toward dentin, may enter dentin and pass to pulp)
30
Q

clinical significance of enamel lamellae

A 
access by acidophilic microorganisms (caries)
stain substances (esthetic considerations)
31
Q

tufts contain a greater concentration of _____ than the rest of the enamel

A

enamel protein (tuftelin)

32
Q

enamel spindles originate from cell processes of _____ that become embedded in newly secreted enamel

A

odontoblasts

33
Q

originate at DEJ and pass into enamel

A

enamel tufts

34
Q

originate in dentin, pass DEJ into enamel

A

enamel spindles

35
Q

enamel tufts and spindles contribute to:

A

the spread of caries along the DEJ

36
Q

Alternating dark and light bands (layers) of varying width: Originate at the DEJ border and pass outward ending at some distance from the outer enamel surface

A

Hunter-Schreager bands

37
Q

what are Hunter-Schreager bands caused by?

A

different direction of enamel rods in adjacent layers

38
Q

change in enamel rod direction is regarded as a _____, minimizing the risk of ____ in the ____ direction under the influence of masticatory forces. clinically significant when performing operative dentistry

A

functional adpatation; cleavage; apical

39
Q

ectopic enamel formation is called an _____

A

enamel pearl

40
Q

intrinsic stain caused by what antibiotic

A

tetracycline

41
Q

what causes mulberry molar?

A

congenital syphilis

42
Q

tooth within a tooth

A

dens in dente

43
Q

an omnivorous fish native to the Amazon river basin in South America and notable for its uncanny mouth of human-like teeth; the species is a close cousin of the piranha

A

pacu

Histo (14 decks)

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