bone

Question 1

main functions of osteoclasts

Answer 1

• demineralize bone
• degrade organic matrix
• endocytosis of degraded products

Question 2

bone formation process in the maxilla

Answer 2

intramembranous (surface and sutures)

Question 3

bone formation process in the mandible

Answer 3

endochondral (condyle) and intramembranous (surface)

Question 4

change of overall bone size and shape; bone formation and resorption happen at different locations

Answer 4

modeling

Question 5

replacement of existing bone; bone formation and resorption occur at the same location but at different times

Answer 5

remodeling

Question 6

____ are important for cortical bone remodeling

Answer 6

secondary osteons

Question 7

trabecular bone remodeling starts at _____

Answer 7

bone surfaces

Question 8

cycle duration of bone remodeling

Answer 8

formation > resorption

Question 9

remodeling rate

Answer 9

children > adults; trabecular bone > cortical bone

Question 10

trabecular bone is only present in the ____ of the alveolar process or under the ____ in the interdental area

Answer 10

apical third; alveolar crest

Question 11

2 layers of the interdental septum

Answer 11

bundle bone and supporting bone

Question 12

____ are inserted into the bundle bone layer

Answer 12

Sharpey’s fibers

Question 13

other names for bundle bone

Answer 13

alveolar bone proper, cribriform plate, lamina dura

Question 14

cells between Sharpey’s fibers

Answer 14

• fibroblasts
• mesenchymal stem cells and osteoprogenitors
• vascular cells

Question 15

cells on bone surfaces

Answer 15

osteoblasts

bone lining cells

Question 16

jaw bone mesenchyme is developed from ____ and ____

Answer 16

neural crest (1st branchial arch); mesoderm

Question 17

postnatal growth of the ____ is highly correlated with tooth eruption

Answer 17

alveolar process

Question 18

due to resorption on one side and formation on the other, the ____ is relocated but not removed during tooth movement

Answer 18

interdental septum

Question 19

upon receiving compressive force, osteoclasts are recruited from the ____ (light pressure) and/or the _____ of the adjacent alveolar process (heavy pressure)

Answer 19

blood flow; bone marrow

Question 20

sources of osteoblasts on the formation (tension) side:

Answer 20

1. osteoblasts already present at the bone surface
2. MSCs in the PDL
3. MSCs in the bone marrow
4. bone lining cells