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BDS2 BAMS oral biology > oral function 1: muscles > Flashcards

oral function 1: muscles Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the origin of masseter?

A

zygomatic arch

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2
Q

what is the insertion of masseter?

A

lateral surface and angle of mandible

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3
Q

what is the action of masseter?

A

elevates mandible

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4
Q

how is masseter examined?

A

place one finger intra-orally and the other on the cheek

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5
Q

what is the origin of temporalis?

A

floor of temporal fossa

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6
Q

what is the insertion of temporalis?

A

coronoid process and anterior border of ramus

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7
Q

what is the action of temporalis?

A

elevates and retracts mandible

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8
Q

when is masseter tender?

A

px who have a clenching habit

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9
Q

when is temporalis tender?

A

px who have a bruxist habit

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10
Q

how to examine temporalis?

A

palpate origin by asking px to clench
digital palpation between superior and inferior temporal lines just above ear, extending forwards towards supra-orbital region

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11
Q

what is the origin of lateral pterygoid?

A

from lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate

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12
Q

what is the insertion of lateral pterygoid?

A

anterior border of the condyle and intra-anticular disc via 2 independent heads

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13
Q

what is the function of lateral pterygoid?

A

protrudes and laterally deviates mandible and inferior head functions with mandibular depressors during openings

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14
Q

where does the inferior belly of the lateral pterygoid attach?

A

head of condyle

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15
Q

where does the superior belly insert?

A

intra-articular disc

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16
Q

how do you examine the lateral pterygoid?

A

response to resisted movement

-hand on mandible and top of head, open mouth

17
Q

what is the the origin of the deep head of the medial pterygoid?

A

medial surface of lateral pterygoid

18
Q

what is the origin of the superficial head of the medial pterygoid?

A

tuberosity of maxilla

19
Q

what is the action of the medial pterygoid?

A

elevates and assists in protrusion of the mandible

20
Q

how to examine the medial pterygoid?

A

not possible

21
Q

what are the movements of the TMJ?

A

rotation-initial opening

translation - wider opening

22
Q

what kind of movement is rotation?

A

hinge

23
Q

what kind of movement is translation?

A

sliding

wider opening: protrusive or retrusive movements

24
Q

describe protrusion

A

both condyles leave their fossae and move forward along the articular eminences

25
Q

describe retrusion

A

both condyles leave eminences and move back into their respective fossae

26
Q

what shape is formed by rotation + translation?

A

ennvelope

27
Q

what are the maximum biting forces between molars?

A

200-700N

28
Q

what factors can limit maximum biting force recorded?

A

psychological
-fear of tooth fracture
muscle mass
-mass increased by parafunction- bruxism

29
Q

what are the muscle fibre types?

A

type 1
slow, low forces
type 2
fast, stronger forces

30
Q

what causes predominant fibre type?

A

jaw morphology and diet

31
Q

what kind of people can generate stronger bite forces?

A

squarer jaws with more type 2 fibres

32
Q

what teeth are the greatest bite forces generated on?

A

1st molars

33
Q

what are the infrahyoid muscles?

A

sternohyoid
omohyoid
thyrohyoid
sternothyroid

34
Q

what are the suprahyoid muscles?

A

digastric
mylohyoid
geniohyoid
stylohyoid

35
Q

what muscles act as jaw depressors when the hyoid bone is fixed by contraction of the infrahyoids?

A

digastric
mylohyoid
geniohyoid

36
Q

what are the 2 types of tongue muscles?

A

intrinsic

extrinsic

37
Q

describe intrinsic muscles

A

alter shape of tongue
longitudinal
vertical
transverse

38
Q

describe extrinsic muscles?

A 
alter shape and position
genioglossus
hypoglossus
palatoglossus
styloglossus
39
Q

what facial muscles control food bolus and prevent spillage?

A

orbicularis oris

buccinator

BDS2 BAMS oral biology (12 decks)

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