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BDS2 BAMS oral biology > enamel > Flashcards

enamel Flashcards

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1
Q

describe enamel

A 
hardest tissue in body
resists abrasion
brittle
supported by dentine
covers tooth crown
translucent
transparency increases with mineralisation
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2
Q

where is enamel thickest in molars?

A

cusps

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3
Q

where is enamel thickest in incisors?

A

incisal edge

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4
Q

what teeth is enamel thinnest?

A

deciduous

-teeth present for shorter time

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5
Q

where is enamel more mineralised and harder?

A

surface enamel

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6
Q

what is an

enamel rod?

A

basic unit

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7
Q

where do enamel rods run?

A

surface to ADJ

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8
Q

what size in an enamel rod?

A

5microm x 2.5 mm

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9
Q

how many HA crystallites do rods contain?

A

> 10^6

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10
Q

what causes the appearance of rods/rod structure?

A

orientation of crystallites

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11
Q

what is a rod region?

A

crystallites run parallel to rods

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12
Q

what is an interrod region?

A

crystallites run incline to rods

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13
Q

what are long parallel rods?

A

cross striations in rods

due to daily growth

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14
Q

what are brown transverse striae?

A

formed at weekly intervals

consequence of growing enamel

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15
Q

what are the components of enamel?

A 
HA
-95% weight
water
-4% weight
organic matrix
-1% weight
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16
Q

what are the components of the organic matrix?

A

proteins: amelogenins, enamelins, peptides, amino acids

17
Q

what regulates the nanomechanical properties of enamel?

A

the minor protein component

18
Q

when is crystallite orientation determined?

A

during enamel formation

19
Q

how are crystallites deposited?

A

at right angles to ameloblast membrane

20
Q

what shape are HA crystallites?

A

hexagonal

21
Q

what size are HA crystallites?

A

70nm x 25 nm x 1 microm

22
Q

where are HA crystallites smaller than in enamel?

A

dentine, cementum and bone

23
Q

what shape do enamel rods run?

A

sinusoidal

24
Q

what are hunter-schreger bands?

A

rod periodic orientation

absent in outer enamel

25
Q

what is gnarled enamel?

A

at cusps

optical effect

26
Q

what are the 3 incremental lines?

A

brown striae of retzius
perikymata
neonatal line

27
Q

what are enamel tufts?

A

hypomineralised regions due to residual matrix protein at prism boundaries
ADJ

28
Q

what are enamel lamella?

A

incomplete maturation of groups of prisms- fault line extending through enamel thickness

29
Q

what are enamel spindles?

A

odontoblast processes extending into enamel

BDS2 BAMS oral biology (12 decks)

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