Oral Cavity Flashcards
What are the two divisions of the oral cavity
vestibule- the space between gingiva and cheek
Oral Cavity proper- extends all the way to the oropharynx, bordered by soft and hard palate
What are the functions of the Oral Cavity (5)
Propulsion
Start Digestion
Protection - tonsils. there is an impermeable barrier (except floor of mouth,)
Sensation - taste, touch, pain, temp, reflex
Secretion - saliva, and mucous
How does the floor of mouth protect
lipid derived membrane coating granules are released in to the space. and they protect.
What are the four tonsils
Palatine, Tubal, lingual, and pharyngeal
Oral Mucosa Layers
compare to Gi tract and Trachea
We have epithelium then connective lamina propria, no muscularis mucosa, then submucosa (with glands) then bone
Oral Mucoperiosteum layers
The gingiva and parts of hard palate
Have epithelium and lamina propria, and bone connected right to the periosteum. no gland parts
What are the three types of oral mucosa
Masticatory, Lining, Specialized
Masticatory Mucosa (structure, and location)
Location - gingiva and epithelium
Structure - start squamous keratinized or parakeratinized (with nucleus an keritan)
has lamina propria then bone (no mucosa and such)
inflexible. Infection spreads slowly
Lining mucosa (location and structure)
majority of cavity, cheeks, lips, undertongue, soft palate
Structure - stratified squamous non keratinized .
Has elastic fibers for flexible. very thick and impermeable
except floor of which is thin and permeable
Specialized Mucosa (location and clinical)
Location - is on top of tongue
Clinical. Injections are easy and infections spread quick
Three parts of the lips
Cutaneous - skin part with hair follicles and glands
Vermillion Border - dry red portion, still keratinized epithelium, but with connective tissue papillae and capilary looping into dermal papillae no glands
Oral Mucosa - inner mucous membrane thick epithelium non keratinized, minor salivary glands
Alveolar Mucosa
the mucous membrane that the lip reflects on.
Vestibular (mucolabial) fold
the reflection point of the lip to the alveolar mucosa
Gingiva (location, and mucosa type, and CT)
mucosa surrounding tooth, it is masticatory mucosa.
Tight to bone with dense CT
epithelial of lip is much looser CT
Gingiva two parts
Gingival Mucosa - faces the oral cavity
The Junctional Epithelium - faces the teeth
Adheres to enamel and cementum by HEMIDESMOSOMES
Dentogingival Junction (location)
Aka enamel space, deep in the space
weak spot for inflammation
Dentogingival Junction Cells that exist
Basal cells on basal lamina interfere with connective tissue. (basal lamina is CT)
Cells have non keratinized with inner basement membrane
How the dentogingival junction cells attach to tooth
Outer Attaches to hard tissue of tooth by epithelial attachment
the inner basal lamina adhere to the tooth by hemidesmosomes
Clinical Issues of epithelium (3)
Squamous cell carcinoma
Melanoma
Leukoplakia - white patch of keratinized epi
Connective tissue issues clinical coorelation
Lamina propria is the loose CT to the submucosa, if there is fibrosis then this becomes dense regular and look weird
this is smokers stuff
Tongue Function and Sides
Spleen Propulsion, digest, swallow
Dorsal and Ventral
has muscle and lined with mucous membrane
Dorsal Tongue features
Specialized epithelium
anterior 2/3 is stratified squamous, folds of papilla projecting from mucosa, can see circumvalley papilla!!!!
Back third is the root lingual tonsil
Ventral Tongue Cell Type
Lining Mucosa
What are the four Papillae Types
Filiform Papillae
Foliate Papillae
Fungiform Papillae
Circumvallate vallate papillae
Filiform papillae
smallest most numerous with no taste buds. Conical projections of CT covered by keratinized stratified squamous
Function is mechanical
Foliate Papillae
Seen in kids not much on older, are deep clefts on lateral of tongue. many many taste buds
fungifrom papilla
are muschroom shapes scattered on tip of tongue full of taste buds
circumvallate/vallate papillae
dome shaped with invagination fangs, invagination wth taste buds that are located laterally
Van Ebners Gland
minor salivary gland that produces only serous product and located deep in the curcumvallate papilla
Structure of Taste buds
fusiform shape converging to a taste pore apically and sends to nerve
Three types of Taste bud cells
neuroepithelial cell - has receptor for taste, usse microvilli, last 7-10 days
supportin cells - microvilli on apical aspect, but do not synapse
Basal cells - small stem cells to produce the other two
Function of saliva
moisten food, stim taste buds, buffer, repair, digestion, and tooth devo
Secretory portion vs duct portion of salivary gland
secretory - makes product release in to dut
Duct- modifies to final saliva
Serous Cell
in acinus, nucleus in basal
Stain basophillic.
zymogen granules are apical
Mucous cell
Very rounded appear empty because stain removes mucous. Nucleus is basal
path of the secretion
intercalated ducts to straiated ducts to the excretory duct
Striated ducts structure
basal infoldeings with many mitochondria for sodium ion pumping
What type of cells are glands made of
epithelium they are oral invaginations!!
Three types of Acinus
serous, mucous (cells have mucinogen granules so look empty) mixed acini
Serous Demilunes
serous cap over mucous cells that look cuboidal
myoepithelial
forms basket around secretory, derived from epithelium,
actin filaments extend out, found betwen the plasma mambrane of acinar cells and basal lamina
compress and aid in trasnsport
Cell types of the path of salivary ducts
Intercalated ducts- are low cuboidal
Striated - become columnar, paired with capillary blood vessels. stain very eoisinophillic
Excretory - larger dut connect to oral cavity, travel through conncective tissue, become pseudostratified to stratified squamous
The three major salivary glands
parotid gland - completely serous , enclosed in tough CT capsule, in stain we dont see mucous, fatty tissue there for flex
submandibular gland - mixed acini duct runs beneath frenulum of tongue
sublingual glands - mostly mucous glands, empty into submandibular duct or floor v short
saliva production
blood vessels around strirated duct water flows in at start form primary saliva, modified in striated to become hypotonic and secondary saliva
Dentin
less mineralized than enamel but more than bone
Type I collagen - organic component
pulp Chamber
CT - lots of vascular nerves
diff from dentin
Periodontal Ligament
between cementum of root and alveolar bone
Composed of Collagen Type I
huge blood supply
How the PDL is not just any ligament
a huge blood supply, has lots of nerves has many cells
Sharpays fibers
ends of fibers that embedd in to alveolus and cementum
function of PDL
function for tooth attachment support proprioception and pain
scurvy
decrease in vitamin C - cause atrophy, defecin in fibers loose in sockets
