Oral Cavity Flashcards by Troy Vagianelis

What are the two divisions of the oral cavity

vestibule- the space between gingiva and cheek

Oral Cavity proper- extends all the way to the oropharynx, bordered by soft and hard palate

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What are the functions of the Oral Cavity (5)

Propulsion
Start Digestion
Protection - tonsils. there is an impermeable barrier (except floor of mouth,)
Sensation - taste, touch, pain, temp, reflex
Secretion - saliva, and mucous

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How does the floor of mouth protect

lipid derived membrane coating granules are released in to the space. and they protect.

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What are the four tonsils

Palatine, Tubal, lingual, and pharyngeal

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Oral Mucosa Layers

compare to Gi tract and Trachea

We have epithelium then connective lamina propria, no muscularis mucosa, then submucosa (with glands) then bone

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Oral Mucoperiosteum layers

The gingiva and parts of hard palate

Have epithelium and lamina propria, and bone connected right to the periosteum. no gland parts

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What are the three types of oral mucosa

Masticatory, Lining, Specialized

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Masticatory Mucosa (structure, and location)

Location - gingiva and epithelium
Structure - start squamous keratinized or parakeratinized (with nucleus an keritan)
has lamina propria then bone (no mucosa and such)
inflexible. Infection spreads slowly

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Lining mucosa (location and structure)

majority of cavity, cheeks, lips, undertongue, soft palate
Structure - stratified squamous non keratinized .
Has elastic fibers for flexible. very thick and impermeable
except floor of which is thin and permeable

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Specialized Mucosa (location and clinical)

Location - is on top of tongue

Clinical. Injections are easy and infections spread quick

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Three parts of the lips

Cutaneous - skin part with hair follicles and glands
Vermillion Border - dry red portion, still keratinized epithelium, but with connective tissue papillae and capilary looping into dermal papillae no glands
Oral Mucosa - inner mucous membrane thick epithelium non keratinized, minor salivary glands

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Alveolar Mucosa

the mucous membrane that the lip reflects on.

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Vestibular (mucolabial) fold

the reflection point of the lip to the alveolar mucosa

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Gingiva (location, and mucosa type, and CT)

mucosa surrounding tooth, it is masticatory mucosa.
Tight to bone with dense CT
epithelial of lip is much looser CT

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Gingiva two parts

Gingival Mucosa - faces the oral cavity
The Junctional Epithelium - faces the teeth
Adheres to enamel and cementum by HEMIDESMOSOMES

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Dentogingival Junction (location)

Aka enamel space, deep in the space

weak spot for inflammation

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Dentogingival Junction Cells that exist

Basal cells on basal lamina interfere with connective tissue. (basal lamina is CT)
Cells have non keratinized with inner basement membrane

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How the dentogingival junction cells attach to tooth

Outer Attaches to hard tissue of tooth by epithelial attachment
the inner basal lamina adhere to the tooth by hemidesmosomes

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Clinical Issues of epithelium (3)

Squamous cell carcinoma
Melanoma
Leukoplakia - white patch of keratinized epi

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Connective tissue issues clinical coorelation

Lamina propria is the loose CT to the submucosa, if there is fibrosis then this becomes dense regular and look weird
this is smokers stuff

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Tongue Function and Sides

Spleen Propulsion, digest, swallow
Dorsal and Ventral
has muscle and lined with mucous membrane

Dorsal Tongue features

Specialized epithelium
anterior 2/3 is stratified squamous, folds of papilla projecting from mucosa, can see circumvalley papilla!!!!
Back third is the root lingual tonsil

Ventral Tongue Cell Type

Lining Mucosa

What are the four Papillae Types

Filiform Papillae
Foliate Papillae
Fungiform Papillae
Circumvallate vallate papillae

Filiform papillae

smallest most numerous with no taste buds. Conical projections of CT covered by keratinized stratified squamous Function is mechanical

Foliate Papillae

Seen in kids not much on older, are deep clefts on lateral of tongue. many many taste buds

fungifrom papilla

are muschroom shapes scattered on tip of tongue full of taste buds

circumvallate/vallate papillae

dome shaped with invagination fangs, invagination wth taste buds that are located laterally

Van Ebners Gland

minor salivary gland that produces only serous product and located deep in the curcumvallate papilla

Structure of Taste buds

fusiform shape converging to a taste pore apically and sends to nerve

Three types of Taste bud cells

neuroepithelial cell - has receptor for taste, usse microvilli, last 7-10 days supportin cells - microvilli on apical aspect, but do not synapse Basal cells - small stem cells to produce the other two

Function of saliva

moisten food, stim taste buds, buffer, repair, digestion, and tooth devo

Secretory portion vs duct portion of salivary gland

secretory - makes product release in to dut | Duct- modifies to final saliva

Serous Cell

in acinus, nucleus in basal Stain basophillic. zymogen granules are apical

Mucous cell

Very rounded appear empty because stain removes mucous. Nucleus is basal

path of the secretion

intercalated ducts to straiated ducts to the excretory duct

Striated ducts structure

basal infoldeings with many mitochondria for sodium ion pumping

What type of cells are glands made of

epithelium they are oral invaginations!!

Three types of Acinus

serous, mucous (cells have mucinogen granules so look empty) mixed acini

Serous Demilunes

serous cap over mucous cells that look cuboidal

myoepithelial

forms basket around secretory, derived from epithelium, actin filaments extend out, found betwen the plasma mambrane of acinar cells and basal lamina compress and aid in trasnsport

Cell types of the path of salivary ducts

Intercalated ducts- are low cuboidal Striated - become columnar, paired with capillary blood vessels. stain very eoisinophillic Excretory - larger dut connect to oral cavity, travel through conncective tissue, become pseudostratified to stratified squamous

The three major salivary glands

parotid gland - completely serous , enclosed in tough CT capsule, in stain we dont see mucous, fatty tissue there for flex submandibular gland - mixed acini duct runs beneath frenulum of tongue sublingual glands - mostly mucous glands, empty into submandibular duct or floor v short

saliva production

blood vessels around strirated duct water flows in at start form primary saliva, modified in striated to become hypotonic and secondary saliva

Dentin

less mineralized than enamel but more than bone | Type I collagen - organic component

pulp Chamber

CT - lots of vascular nerves | diff from dentin

Periodontal Ligament

between cementum of root and alveolar bone Composed of Collagen Type I huge blood supply

How the PDL is not just any ligament

a huge blood supply, has lots of nerves has many cells

Sharpays fibers

ends of fibers that embedd in to alveolus and cementum

function of PDL

function for tooth attachment support proprioception and pain

scurvy

decrease in vitamin C - cause atrophy, defecin in fibers loose in sockets