Opthalmology

Question 1

What is inflamed in Blepharitis

Answer 1

Eyelids

Question 2

Distribution of blepharitis

Answer 2

All 4 eyelids

Question 3

inflammation of eyelid boundry by the lashes is called?

Answer 3

Anterior Blepharitis

Question 4

Sore gritty eyes, worse in the morning, affects both eyes?

Answer 4

Blepharitis

Question 5

Cause of unilateral swollen eyelid

Answer 5

Stye
Chalazion
lid tumour

Question 6

Which condition often causes dry eye as a complication?

Answer 6

Blephritis

Inflammation makes lumps that damage the tear film

Question 7

Skin condition associated with blepharitis?

Answer 7

Rosacea

Question 8

Treatment of Blepharitis

Answer 8

Lid hygeine

Question 9

What causes chalaza

Answer 9

Blockage of the meibomian gland

Question 10

Styes cause?

Answer 10

Blockage of lash follicle

Question 11

How long should you warm compress a stye for?

Answer 11

at least 5 mins, twice a day

Question 12

Are chalaza and styes painful?

Answer 12

Not reaaaaally, if it is painful, get worried

Question 13

Name 4 causes of gradual visual loss

Answer 13

Refractive error
Cataracts
Age related macular degeneration
Open angle glaucoma

Question 14

1 condition where haloes are a symtpom

Answer 14

Cataract

Question 15

What is photopsia

Answer 15

Flicekring/flashing lights

Question 16

Reduced colour sensitivity with gradual visual loss indicates what condition?

Answer 16

Age related macular degeneration

Question 17

1 cause of gradual deterioration that requires urgent referral

Answer 17

Age related macular degeneration

Question 18

Sign on retinal photograph of age related macular degeneration

Answer 18

yellow spots

aka drusen

Question 19

A cherry red spot on fundal examination is bad because of which condition?

Answer 19

Retinal artery occlusion

Question 20

Acute unilateral vision deterioration with headache

Answer 20

Probs GCA

Question 21

Blood test to do if GCA suspected?

Answer 21

ESR

Question 22

Classic triad of optic neuritis

Answer 22

Reduced vision
Eye pain on movement
Reduced colour perception

Question 23

Floaters and flashes point to what cause of acute visual loss

Answer 23

Retinal detachment

Question 24

2 common causes of vitreous haemorrhage

Answer 24

Trauma

Diabetic retinopathy

Question 25

3 categories of causes for dry eyes

Answer 25

Decreased tear production Increased evaporation systemic disease

Question 26

Signs of dry eye

Answer 26

Usually normal, | anything obvious points to another diagnosis

Question 27

Name 2 secondary care investigations for dry eye

Answer 27

Tear break up time Slit lamp Schirmer's test Flourescin staining for corneal abrasion

Question 28

2 common systemic diseases that cause dry eyes

Answer 28

Thyroid disease | Diabetes

Question 29

Treatment for dry eyes

Answer 29

Lid hygeine Reduce aggravating factors Tear substitutes

Question 30

What virus most commonly causes conjunctivitis

Answer 30

Adenovirus

Question 31

Conjunctivitis with photophobia suggests what?

Answer 31

Corneal involvement

Question 32

Which lymph node is often enlarged with conjunctivitis?

Answer 32

Periauricular

Question 33

How long can viral conjunctivitis typically last?

Answer 33

4-6 weeks

Question 34

Scleritis vs episcleritis, which would you rather?

Answer 34

Episcleritis, scleritis is much more severe and damaging

Question 35

Symptoms of episcleritis

Answer 35

Redness Pain Gradual onset (acute onset would be more indicative of scleritis)

Question 36

Examination to distinguish episcleritis from scleritis

Answer 36

Move the vessels with a cotton bud, if they are immobile then it is more likely scleritis Vessels can also be darker and follow a radial pattern

Question 37

Assosciated conditions with episcleritis

Answer 37

Chron's and UC | Connective tissue disease

Question 38

Scleritis assosciated conditions

Answer 38

Collagen vascular disorder RA (v common) Post operative ocular surgery

Question 39

treatment for episcleritis

Answer 39

Lubricate the eye Artificial tears Topical NSAID's