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Medicine conditions for finals > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Name 2 causative organisms of bacterial skin infection

A

Staphylococcal

Streptococcal

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2
Q

Name 2 causative organisms for viral skin infection

A

HPV

HSV

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3
Q

Name 2 causative organisms for fungal skin infections

A

Candida
Tinea
Yeasts

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4
Q

What area is affected in cellulitis?

A

deep subcutaneous tissue

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5
Q

What are is affected in Erysipelas

A

Upper subcutaneous tissue and dermis

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6
Q

Common causative organisms of Erysipelas/Cellulitis?

A

Strep pyogenes

Staph aureus

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7
Q

Common site of ceullulitis/erysipelas?

A

Lower limb (often shins)

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8
Q

Systemic symptoms more common in erysipelas or cullulitis?

A

Erysipelas

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9
Q

Sign that is useful in distinguishing erysipelas from cellulitis

A

well defined, raised, red border

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10
Q

First choice abx for erysipelas/cellulitis

A

Flucloxacillin

clarithromycin if allergic, erythromycin if pregnant

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11
Q

5 conditions that predispose a person to erysipelas/cellulitis

A

Diabetes, venous insufficiency, eczema, oedema, immune suppression

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12
Q

What abx would you use if cellulitis/erysipelas on eyes/nose?

A

Co-amox

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13
Q

2 causes of malar butterfly rash

A

Erysipelas

SLE

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14
Q

How do you assess change in cellulitis/erysipelas?

A

Draw round it and date it

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15
Q

Classic lesions of impetigo

A

Yellow crusting lesions around the mouth

Can be upper limbs/hands

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16
Q

Impetigo affects which layer of the skin

A

Epidermis only

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17
Q

Causative organisms of impetigo

A

Staph aureus
Strep pyogenes
Pseudomonas (rarer, associated with baths)

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18
Q

2 types of impetigo

A

Non-bullous

Bullous

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19
Q

Normal treatment for impetigo

A

Watch and wait with isolation

20
Q

Name a topical antiseptic cream used in impetigo

A

Hydrogen peroxide 1% cream

21
Q

1st line antibiotic for impetigo

A

Fuisidic acid 2%

22
Q

What condition is indicated by a small painless papule that rapidly forms an ulcer

A

This is a chancre, so syphilis

23
Q

Ringworm is technically known as what?

A

Dermatophytosis (tinea)

24
Q

What type of pathogen is candida?

A

Yeast

25
Q

What treatment is used for oral candiasis

A

Miconazole gel

26
Q

2nd line treatment for oral candidiasis

A

Nystatin

27
Q

Causative organism in scabies

A

Sarcoptes Scabiei

28
Q

How long after infection with scabies are patients symptomatic?

A

3-4 weeks

29
Q

1st line treatment for scabies

A

permethrin 5%

30
Q

proprionobacterium are associated with which disease?

A

Acne

31
Q

What group of hormones drives acne?

A

Androgens

32
Q

In acne, what happens to keratin?

A

Hyperkeratinisation of the skin leads to blockage of the sebacious follicle

33
Q

Obstruction of the sebaceous follicle causes what?

A

Acne

34
Q

What is the source of P. acne?

A

They are commensals in the follicle

35
Q

Name 3 non-retinoid treatments for Acne

A 
Topical antibiotics (not to be used in monotherapy)
Benzoyl peroxide (mild)
Azelaic acid
36
Q

Name 3 retinoids

A

Isotretinoin, tretinoin, adapaline

37
Q

What commonly prescribed drug is an unlicensed treatment for acne in women

A

OCP (anti-androgen)

38
Q

systemic treatment for Acen

A

Oral isetretinoin

Has to be done in hospital due to potential toxicity

39
Q

Tool for identifying a skin lesion as melanoma-like

A 
ABCDE
Asymmetry
Border (irregular)
Colour (mixed colours)
Diameter (>6mm)
Evolution (changes in shape/size)
40
Q

Which precancerous lesion can become squamous cell carcinoma?

A

Actinic keratosis

41
Q

What is Bowen’s disease

A

Early stage SCC

aka SCC in situ

42
Q

What viral infection can cause SCC?

A

HPV

43
Q

Presentation of SSC?

A 
Usually on head and neck (sun exposure)
Ulcer
Bleeding
May have bleeding
May have enlarged lymph node
44
Q

Investigation for SSC

A

Full or partial excision with histology

45
Q

Surgical treatment for SSC

A

Curretage and cautery
(cut it out and burn the bottom)
Cryotherapy/cryosurgery

46
Q

Medical treatment for SSC

A

Used only in cases where very small/premalignant
Imiquimod (wart cream)
Flourouracil
Diclofenac (actinic keratosis)

Medicine conditions for finals (13 decks)

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