OPTHAL Flashcards
SUBACUTE VISION LOSS, EYE PAIN WORSE MOVING + COLOUR DESATURATION ?
OPTIC NEURITIS
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
eye muscle supply penumonic
LR 6 (lateral rectus)
SO 4 (superior oblique)
others (3rd nerve)
acute glaucoma treatment
miotics to open drainage channels and acetazolamide to reduce aqeous production
charles bonnet syndrome most common in
macular degeneration
non proliferative diabetic retinopathy
cotton wool spots (fluffy white patches caused by damage to nerve fibres)
proliferative diabetic retinopathy
treatment
retinal neovascularisation - may lead to vitrous haemorrhage
DOT AND BLOT
laser photocoagulation and dot and blot
HYPERTENSIVE retinopathy sign
leaking and thickened blood vessels
(copper or silver wiring)
arterovenous nicking (veins cross arteries)
haemorrhage and exudates
behcets disease
HLA/B5
arthritis, ocular syx and mouth ulcers
3rd nerve palsy SIGNS
oculomotor supplies most eye muscles + eyelid and pupil
so if down and out, drooping lid and dilated pupil = 3RD NERVE PALSY
river blindness
onchocerca volvulus
Normal intraocular pressure is
10-21 mm Hg
Vitreous haemorrhage
causes: diabetes, bleeding disorders, anticoagulants
features may include sudden visual loss, dark spots
Central retinal vein occlusion
causes: glaucoma, polycythaemia, hypertension
severe retinal haemorrhages are usually seen on fundoscopy
cotton wool spots
macula oedema
Episcleritis
cause of red eye
classically not painful
GRITTY
retinal detachment
syx?
RFx
tx?
sudden painless loss of vision.
dense shadow starting peripherally and progressing centrally
history of myopia is also a big risk factor
urgent corrective surgery
