Opioides Flashcards

1
Q

Opioides

A

Cualquier sustancia exógena o endógena que se una a receptores opioides
(Mu, delta y kappa)
Endógenas: endorfinas/encefálinas — sus gris periacueductal
Exógenas: heroina/morfina
Tx para dolor cronico y oncologico

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Opioides débiles

A

Tramadol, codeína, tapentadol, nalbufina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Opioides fuertes

A

Morfina, oxicodona, metadona, hidromorfona, buprenorfina, fentanilo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Farmacocinetica opioides

A

Cruzan hematoE, placentaria, leche materna,
Eliminación 90% renal 10% fecal
Met hepatico
U: albumina, glicoproteina A.C alfa 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

EA opioides

A

Somnolencia, nausea, bochorno, estreñimiento, adiccion, infertilidad, retención urinaria, depresión respiratoria, disfunción sexual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Mecanismo de accion tramadol

A

Actúan inhibiendo la recaptura de 5HT y NE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Morfina

A

30-35% union a protes — hidrocefalico
Analgesia 4-5 hrs
Metabolismo fase 1
Tiempo de vida media 3hrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Tramadol

A

Analgésico de accion central atípico
Efecto mixto: agonista opioide (Mu) y monoaminergico
Inhibe recaptura de NE y 5HT
Dolor neuropatico y px post qx
No requiere receta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Buprenorfina

A

Agonista parcial y antagonista kappa
Agonista delta débil
Alto metabolismo fase 1
1.2 mg al dia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Oxicodona

A

Metabolismo hepatico: noroxicodona y oximorfona
Eficacia analgesica comparable a morfina
Dolor neuropatico
400 mg al dia
EA: alucinaciones y plurito

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Fentanilo

A

Potente opioide sintético
Agonista Mu
Alta potencia — inicio de accion rapido, accion de corta duración
Transdermico
Menos efectos adversos
Se puede usar como anestésico

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Metadona

A

Inhibe recaptura de NE y 5HT
Agonista total de la vía exitatoria
NMDA (glutamato)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly