Opioid, Non Opioid And Adjuvant Analgesics

Question 1

A cancer patient is prescribed an opioid for management of his pain,
The drug caused tachycardia as a side effect.
What is the most likely drug used?

Answer 1

Meperidine
A synthetic opioid analogue (phenylpiperidine)

Question 2

A patient diagnosed with cancer takes morphine for management of his pain.
GI disturbances prevents prolonged use of oral sustained-release morphine.
So yhe Dr will switch to another drug.
What is the drug recommended?

Answer 2

Fentanyl patch.

Question 3

A pregnant girl comes to the hospital in labor, the dr wants to give her opioids for labor pain, what do you recommend he gives her?

Answer 3

Phenylpiperidine (meperidine, fentanyl, loperamide) because they cause less respiratory depression (also in neonates)

Question 4

Where are the opioids metabolised in the body?
Where are the excreted?

Answer 4

Metabolism in liver.
Excreted in kidney.

Question 5

What is the effect of buprenorphine on opioid receptors

Answer 5

µ agonist, δ & κ antagonists

Question 6

Effect of Nalbuphine of opioid receptors

Answer 6

κ agonist, partial µ antagonist

Question 7

A patient has been taking an opioid, he then developed respiratory depression which is resistant to naloxone.
What is the drug that he is taking?

Answer 7

Nalbuphine

Question 8

Mention 3 strong opioids

Answer 8

Morphine
Methadone
Fentanyl

Question 9

Mention 2 mild/moderate opioids

Answer 9

Codeine
Oxycodone

Question 10

Mention 2 partial mu agonists(opioids)

Answer 10

Buprenorphine
Nalbuphine

Question 11

Mention 3 opioid antagonists

Answer 11

Naloxone
Naltrexone
Nalmefene