Ophthalmology - Subconjunctival Haemorrhage Flashcards
What happens in a subconjunctival haemorrhage?
A small blood vessel within the conjunctiva ruptures, releasing blood into the space between the sclera and the conjunctiva
What can lead to subconjunctival haemorrhages?
Strenuous activity
- Heavy coughing
- Weight lifting
- Straining when constipated
What is the appearance of a subconjunctival haemorrhage?
A patch of bright red blood underneath the conjunctiva covering the white of the eye.
How does a subconjunctival haemorrhage present?
Painless patch of bright red blodo underneath conjunctiva
Does not affect vision
May be precipitating event e.g. cough, fit or heavy lifting
What are some underlying factors that may predispose a patient to subconjunctival haemorrhage?
- Hypertension
- Bleeding disorders (e.g., thrombocytopenia)
- Whooping cough
- Medications (e.g., antiplatelets, DOACs or warfarin)
- Non-accidental injury
How can subconjunctival haemorrhages be diagnosed?
History and examination
What underlying causes should be considered in subconjunctival haemorrhage?
BP
INR in patients taking warfarin
What is the typical resolution time for a subconjunctival haemorrhage without treatment?
Usually in around two weeks.
What management is recommended for mild irritation caused by subconjunctival haemorrhage?
Lubricating eye drops if there is mild irritation
