Ophthalmology Flashcards
Ectropion (eyes)
Out-turning of eyelids
Entropion
In-turning of eyelids
Surgery, tape, lubricants
Blepharitis
Inflammation of eyelid margins often leading to a red eye
Stye
- what is it
- management
Infection of glands of the eyelid.
Hot compress, analgesia
Topical antibiotics only if a/w conjunctivitis
Chalazion (Meibomian cyst)
- what is it
-presentation
-management
Retention cyst of the Meibomian gland. It presents as a firm painless lump in the eyelid. The majority of cases resolve spontaneously but some require surgical drainage
Acute closed angle glaucoma
-presentation
Scleral injection
Corneal oedema, cloudy appearance
Sudden onset blurred vision
Pain
Markedly reduced acuity
Scary red eye
Sub-conjunctival haemorrhage
Diabetic retinopathy stages
- Microaneurysms
- Dot + blot haemorrhages
- Flame shaped haemorrhages
- Retinal oedema
- Hard exudates
Tobacco-alcohol ambylopia
Probably nutrition amblyopia
central loss of colour vision
Pinguecula
Common degenerative nodule of cornea, may grow over time, benign
UV exposure
Holmes-Adie pupil
Large, irregular pupil, slow to constrict to light but normal accommodation. Once constricted, stays small for a long time.
Argyll Robertson pupil
Small, irregular pupil, does not constrict to light but accommodates normally. Often bilateral.
SEVERE eye pain and red eye + middle aged woman + connective tissue disorder
Scleritis
Subacute unilateral visual loss, eye pain worse on movements
Optic neuritis
