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Misc Boards Review > Ophthalmology > Flashcards

Ophthalmology Flashcards

1
Q

Amblyopia vs. Strabismus

A
  • Strabismus: muscle issue
  • Amblyopia: Acuity issue
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2
Q

Myopia vs. Presbyopia

A
  • Myopia: nearsighted
  • Presbyopia: farsighted
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3
Q

Normal eye exam

A
  • Retinal veins are larger and darker than arteries
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4
Q

Signs of papilledema

Disc margins?

A
  • Flickering vision (lasts a few seconds)
  • Severe HA
  • N/V
  • HTN
  • Blurred disc margins
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5
Q

Treatment of papilledema

A
  • Refer to ED
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6
Q

HTN eye

A
  • Copper wire arteries
  • AV nicking
  • Flame hemorrhages
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7
Q

DM eye

A
  • Cotton wool spots
  • Microaneurysm
  • Neovascularization
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8
Q

Symptoms of Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma
Does it hurt?
Key distinguishing factors (3)

A
  • Sudden severe eye pain
  • Blurry vision
  • **Firm eyeball with dilated oval pupils
  • **Halos around lights
  • **Cloudy cornea
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9
Q

How to diagnose acute angle closure glaucoma?

A
  • Tonometry
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10
Q

How to treat acute angle closure glaucoma?
Risk of what?

A
  • Refer to ED as increased pressure can lead to blindness
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11
Q

Symptoms of retinal detachment (3)
Does it hurt?

A
  • Feels like curtain being pulled
  • PainLESS onset of floaters and flashers
  • cobweb like lines
  • Refer to ED
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12
Q

Organism responsible for a stye?

A
  • Staph aureus
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13
Q

Lymph node enlargement
Allergic vs. Viral

A
  • Allergic: Cervical
  • Viral: Preauricular or submandibular
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14
Q

Another name for pink eye?

A
  • Adenoviral conjunctivitis
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15
Q

Drainage in allergic vs. viral vs. bacterial conjunctivitis?

A
  • Allergic: serous, stringy/ropey
  • Viral: serous
  • Bacteria: purulent
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16
Q

What causes farsightedness?
Common in who?
Best way to manage?

A
  • Decreased elasticity in the lens
  • Adults > 40
  • Reading glasses
17
Q

Signs of Iritis (anterior uveitis)

A
  • Eye pain with light sensitivity
  • Inflamed, swollen, tearing
  • Not able to see well
  • Photosensitivity
  • Dilated conjunctival vessels
  • Hyphema
18
Q

Management of iritis

A
  • Refer to ophthalmology to prevent blindness
19
Q

What to do with subconjunctival hemorrhage?

A
  • Nothing
  • Can use artificial tears
20
Q

What can result from contact wearers?

A
  • Corneal ulcers
21
Q

Symptoms of corneal ulcers

A
  • Severe eye pain
  • Sensation of foreign body, tearing, photophobia
  • Whitish lesion of the eye
22
Q

How to manage corneal ulcers?

A
  • Refer to ED
23
Q

Symptoms of Herpes Keratitis
Management?

A
  • Sudden onset severe eye pain, blurred vision, and photophobia
  • Fern lines
  • Refer to ED
24
Q

What causes macular degeneration?

A

Damage to the retina

25
Q

What does the Schirmer test do?

A
  • Eval ability to make tears
26
Q

What is metamorphopsia?

A
  • Distortion of straight lines to appear bent
27
Q

What are scotomas?
What condition do we see this in?

A
  • Blind or dark spots in central vision
  • Macular Degeneration
28
Q

What kind of diet is helpful in macular degeneration?

A
  • Mediterranean
29
Q

What are the characteristics of open angle glaucoma?

A
  • Painless with slow progressive visual loss
30
Q

What is blepharitis?
Causes?

A
  • Inflammation of the eyelids causing redness and pruritis
  • Inflammatory skin conditions
31
Q

Most common cause of blindness in the US

A

Macular degeneration

32
Q

Short arm syndrome

A

Presbyopia

33
Q

Condition closely related to iritis (anterior uveitis)

A

Akylosing spondylitis and other autoimmune diseases

34
Q

Young, caucasian woman in 20s to 30s with history of MS reporting loss of visual acuity over the last hours to days and states she has a blind spot in her central vision.

A

Optic Neuritis

35
Q

What is photopsia?

A

Flash of light
Retinal detachment

Misc Boards Review (19 decks)

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