Ophthalmology Flashcards
Amblyopia vs. Strabismus
- Strabismus: muscle issue
- Amblyopia: Acuity issue
Myopia vs. Presbyopia
- Myopia: nearsighted
- Presbyopia: farsighted
Normal eye exam
- Retinal veins are larger and darker than arteries
Signs of papilledema
Disc margins?
- Flickering vision (lasts a few seconds)
- Severe HA
- N/V
- HTN
- Blurred disc margins
Treatment of papilledema
- Refer to ED
HTN eye
- Copper wire arteries
- AV nicking
- Flame hemorrhages
DM eye
- Cotton wool spots
- Microaneurysm
- Neovascularization
Symptoms of Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma
Does it hurt?
Key distinguishing factors (3)
- Sudden severe eye pain
- Blurry vision
- **Firm eyeball with dilated oval pupils
- **Halos around lights
- **Cloudy cornea
How to diagnose acute angle closure glaucoma?
- Tonometry
How to treat acute angle closure glaucoma?
Risk of what?
- Refer to ED as increased pressure can lead to blindness
Symptoms of retinal detachment (3)
Does it hurt?
- Feels like curtain being pulled
- PainLESS onset of floaters and flashers
- cobweb like lines
- Refer to ED
Organism responsible for a stye?
- Staph aureus
Lymph node enlargement
Allergic vs. Viral
- Allergic: Cervical
- Viral: Preauricular or submandibular
Another name for pink eye?
- Adenoviral conjunctivitis
Drainage in allergic vs. viral vs. bacterial conjunctivitis?
- Allergic: serous, stringy/ropey
- Viral: serous
- Bacteria: purulent
What causes farsightedness?
Common in who?
Best way to manage?
- Decreased elasticity in the lens
- Adults > 40
- Reading glasses
Signs of Iritis (anterior uveitis)
- Eye pain with light sensitivity
- Inflamed, swollen, tearing
- Not able to see well
- Photosensitivity
- Dilated conjunctival vessels
- Hyphema
Management of iritis
- Refer to ophthalmology to prevent blindness
What to do with subconjunctival hemorrhage?
- Nothing
- Can use artificial tears
What can result from contact wearers?
- Corneal ulcers
Symptoms of corneal ulcers
- Severe eye pain
- Sensation of foreign body, tearing, photophobia
- Whitish lesion of the eye
How to manage corneal ulcers?
- Refer to ED
Symptoms of Herpes Keratitis
Management?
- Sudden onset severe eye pain, blurred vision, and photophobia
- Fern lines
- Refer to ED
What causes macular degeneration?
Damage to the retina
