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Misc Boards Review > Genitourinary > Flashcards

Genitourinary Flashcards

1
Q

Which STDs have a friable cervix and too many WBCs to count?

A
  • Gonorrhea and chlamydia
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2
Q

Herpes of the eye?
Treatment?

A
  • Herpes Keratitis
  • Refer to ophthalmology
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3
Q

Normal vaginal pH

A
  • 3.8-4.5
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4
Q

How to screen for syphilis?
Confirmation test?

A
  • Screening: RPR test
  • Confirmation: FTA-ABS
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5
Q

What is the first stage of syphilis?

A
  • Chancre (painless sore) on genital
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6
Q

Second stage of syphilis?

A
  • Macular or papular rash on trunk, palms, soles
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7
Q

Third stage of syphilis?

A
  • Neuro syphilis – start to infect the brain and spinal cord
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8
Q

Syphilis treatment? Dosage?

A
  • IM PCN G (Bicillin)
  • Dosage depends on stage
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9
Q

Which STDs are reportable?

A
  • HIV, Syphilis
  • Gonorrhea, chlamydia
    in every state
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10
Q

What other conditions need reported?

A
  • Hepatitis
  • Anthrax
  • Pertussis
  • Lead poisoning
  • TB
  • Lyme disease, RMSF
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11
Q

What labs indicate significant kidney damage?
What do these indicate?

A
  • RBC Casts: Glomerulonephritis
  • WBC Casts: Pyelonephritis
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12
Q

What do squamous epithelial cells mean on a UA? Vag swab?

A

Possible contamination of UA - need to repeat

Normal cells from vaginal swab

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13
Q

What does elevated microalbumin/creat indicate?

A
  • Microvascular damage
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14
Q

What UTI treatment med is contraindicated with Warfarin?

A
  • Bactrim
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15
Q

Treatment for Pyelonephritis?

A
  • Cipro, Amoxicillin, Augmentin
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16
Q

2 main causes of CKD

A
  • DM and HTN
17
Q

What is the GFR in S1 CKD? Kidneys?

A
  • GFR > 90
  • Kidney damage with normal kidney function
18
Q

What is the GFR in S2 CKD? Kidneys?

A
  • GFR 60-89
  • Mild loss of kidney function
19
Q

What is the GFR in S3 CKD? Kidneys?

A
  • GFR 30-59
  • Moderate to severe loss of kidney function
20
Q

When stage of CKD do patients start to have symptoms?

A
  • Stage 3
21
Q

What are the GFRs in stage 4 and 5 of CKD?

A
  • Stage 4: GFR 15-29
  • Stage 5: GFR < 15
22
Q

Symptoms of stage 4/5 CKD?

A
  • Fatigue*
  • Dry, itchy skin
  • Edema
  • Hematuria
23
Q

What happens in pyelonephritis?
Symptoms?

A
  • UTI that ascends up the bladder and into the kidneys
  • CVA tenderness, fever, chills
24
Q

Which patients should get 7-10 day Cipro and Bactrim for UTI?

A
  • Risk factors: elderly, DM
  • S/S > 7 days
25
Q

Patient returns with UTI symptoms right after finishing abx?

A
  • Prescribe same abx for longer
26
Q

Patient keeps getting recurrent UTIs?

A
  • Assess further before starting prophylaxis– sexual activity, poor hygiene
27
Q

Rocephin weight considerations for gonorrhea?

A
  • > 150kg 1g
  • <150kg 500mg
28
Q

Criteria for diagnosing CKD?

A
  • > 3 months of GFR <60 or
    Albuminuria > 30
29
Q

Are falls a contraindication to starting Flomax?

A
  • NO
30
Q

Symptoms of Trich

A
  • Lower abdominal pain
  • Green-yellow discharge
31
Q

What classifies a recurrent UTI?

A
  • 2 or more in 6 months
  • 3 or more in a year
32
Q

What increases risks for UTI? (2)

A
  • Having sex 3+ times/week
  • Spermicide use
33
Q

What med can cause gynecomastia?

A
  • Spironolactone
34
Q

What electrolytes does Lasix lower?

A
  • Low K, Mag, Na
35
Q

What foods are high in oxalates?

A
  • Chocolate, spinach, rhubarb
36
Q

What size kidney stone gets referred?

A
  • Stone > 6.5mm
37
Q

Salmonella treatment?

A
  • Usually self-limiting, educate on hydration
  • Should feel better in 4-5 days
38
Q

First line treatment for salmonella if serious?

A
  • Cephalosporins

Misc Boards Review (19 decks)

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