Derm Flashcards
1
Q
Seborrheic Keratosis
Presentation?
Color?
Treatment?
A
- Oval shape, hyperpigmented, clear definition, stuck-on appearance
- Black or tan
- Tx: None or cryotherapy if symptoms present (itching)
2
Q
What other condition can have telangiectasias?
A
Rosacea
3
Q
Amiodarone long term effects?
What kind of monitoring?
A
- Thyroid issues, optic neuropathy, pulmonary toxicity
- Baseline CXR and PFTs every 3-6 months
4
Q
What kind of murmur is aortic stenosis? Sounds like? Where to hear?
A
- Systolic
- Crescendo-decrescendo
- Aortic area (radiates to neck)
5
Q
What condition is common with MVP?
A
- Marfan’s
6
Q
Endocarditis signs (3)
A
- Osler nodes (painful nodules on finger pads)
- Splinter hemorrhages
- Janeway’s lesions (bleeding under skin, red papules)
7
Q
When do you need endocarditis prophylaxis? (4 Ps 1T)
A
- Prosthetic heart valve
- Prior infective endocarditis
- Patched congenital heart disease
- Persistent cyanotic heart disease
- Transplant with valve issues
8
Q
First line treatment chronic ulcerative stomatitis?
Associated with what?
A
- Oral steroids, Plaquenil if severe
- Can be caused by lichen planus
9
Q
Lichen Planus commonly seen with what?
What does it look like?
Symptoms?
Where on the body?
How long does it last?
Treatment?
A
- Other immune disorders (US, vitiligo, MG)
- Reddish purple, flat topped bumps (lacy in mouth?
- Itchy
- Flexor surfaces
- Self-limiting – most resolve in 6 mo
- Topical steroids or antihistamines
10
Q
Lichen Simplex Chronicus
What is it?
Commonly associated with what?
Tx?
A
- Skin become leathery/rubbery d/t repetitive rubbing/itching
- Eczema
- Tx: topical steroids or antihistamines, moisturizers
11
Q
Lichen Sclerosis
What color?
What type patients?
High risk for what?
Lasts how long?
A
- White
- Post-menopause
- Squamous cell carcinoma
- > 6 mo
12
Q
Cold Sores caused by which HSV?
A
Type 1
13
Q
Pathogens of impetigo?
A
- Staph aureus, strep pyogenes
14
Q
Where does pityriasis rosea occur on the body?
Tx?
A
- Patch that spreads to the back or abdomen
- Goes away on its own
15
Q
What is early stage Lyme Disease?
A
- Meningoccemia – purple to dark-red painful lesions
16
Q
Where does RMSF rash occur on the body? Bacteria?
A
- Palms/soles
- Rickettsia Rickettsii
17
Q
Complications of untreated measles
A
- PNA, encephalitis
18
Q
When is MMR booster? Can you get pregnant after?
A
- 4-6 years
- Don’t get pregnant within 4 weeks
19
Q
Mumps symptoms? What else can cause this?
A
- Parotid gland swelling
- Bulimia
20
Q
Treatment of AKs
A
- 5FU or cryo
21
Q
Squamous cell lesion characteristics
A
- Slow glowing scaly ulceration that bleeds easily
22
Q
High risk for malignant melanoma if taking what drug?
A
- Anti-TNF biologics (umabs)
23
Q
Size of vesicles in Herpes Zoster? Bullae vs. vesicle
A
- <0.5cm (vesicle) – Shingles
- > 1cm = bullae
24
Q
Shingrix
What age group?
What if younger?
When to refer?
Complication?
A
- Age 50, need varicella if younger
- Refer is around the eyes
- Postherpetic neuralgia: gabapentin
25
Shingrix – Can you give if patient is sick?
- Moderate to severe illness – NO (fever)
- Mild illness – YES (cold)
- Active shingles – NO, wait until resolved
26
Varicella can return to school when? When are they contagious?
- Once lesions are crusted over
- Contagious 1-2 days before rash
27
What virus causes molluscum contagiousum?
- Poxvirus
28
Which retinoid is Accutane?
- Isotretinoin
29
Oral Hairy Leukoplakia
Symptoms?
Refer?
Commonly associated with what?
- White that you can’t scrap off
- Refer to detist d/t risks of enamel destruction
- Common in HIV
29
Most common pathogen for erysipelas?
- Group A strep
30
Skin conditions to stay away from pregnant people?
- Fifth Disease and Rubella
31
Scarlet fever
Where is rash? Tx?
- Sandpaper rash begins on neck and trunk and spread to extremities
- Amoxicillin
32
Rubella – Also called? What does rash look like? What lymph nodes enlarged?
- German measles / 3 day measles
- Pink rash
- Cervical adenopathy
33
Roseola rash description?
What lymph nodes enlarged?
When are they no longer contagious?
Pathogen?
- Rosy net like blanchable rash that starts on trunk
- Cervical adenopathy
- No longer contagious once rash appears
- HSV
34
Coxsackievirus – Where does it start? Tx?
- Starts in mouth
- Symptomatic
35
Topical steroids order of potency acronym?
What class # is highest?
Risk of what with higher?
Face, arm/leg/trunk, hands/feet potency?
- OCLS – ointment, cream, lotion, solution
- Highest – class 1
- Risks of adrenal suppression
- Face: low, arm/leg/trunk: medium, hands/feet: high
36
Who can’t have Bactroban?
Pregnant people
37
Who can’t have anti-fungals? Why?
- Pregnant people – risks spontaneous abortion and heart defects
38
How to give Mebedazole?
- 1 dose now and another in 2 weeks
- Treat whole household
39
How long is Terbinafine treatment?
Tinea capitus vs. Onchomycosis
What lab before starting?
- Tinea capitus: 2-4 weeks
- Onychomycosis: 6-12 weeks
- LFTs
40
GRIS-PEG eat with what?
Fatty meal
41
How to apply Permethrin? Lice vs. scabies
- Lice: Apply and remove right after, remove nits
- Scabies: Apply whole body before bed, wash off 12 hours later, repeat x1 week
42
Another name for skin tag? Common with who?
- Acrochordon
- DM and obesity
43
Another name for boils? Tx?
- Furuncles – infected hair follicle with pus
- Tx: abx ointment, cover
44
What is paronychia? Tx?
- Infection below cuticle
- Soak finger warm water for 20min TID, topical abx (Bactroban or triple A)
- I/D for abscess
45
Strawberry hemangioma tx? When does it usually resolve?
- Watchful waiting
- By kindergarten
46
Phototherapy – What is happening? Shield eyes?
- Unconjugated bili in the skin is converted to a nontoxic substance secreted in bile
- Yes shield eyes
47
What is Larva migrans?
What does it look like?
- Infection from parasite eggs found in cat/dog intestines
- Serpiginous rash (like scabies)
48
Rosacea treatment
Avoid triggers - exercise, extreme temps, hot drinks, alcohol, spicy foods
Sun protection
Topical Flagyl (pustules)
Topical brimonidine (redness)
49
Keloid Scar vs. Hypertrophic
Both look like what? Symptoms?
Biggest difference?
Red with glossy areas of induration
May be itchy or painful
Keloid: invades healthy surrounding tissue
Hypertrophic: Doesn't grow past injury margins
50
What kind of scars are acne scars?
Atrophic scars
51
Solar Lentigines
What are they?
Look like what?
Need removed?
- Sunspots
- Light or dark brown macules with irregular borders
- Benign, but can remove with cryo or laser if patients want
52
AKs
Appearance?
Symptoms?
Common with what?
- Red/pink/brown/tan/yellow
- Scaly papules or macules
- May itch or burn
- Commonly on sun-exposed areas
53
SKs: Appearance?
- Round or oval shaped, hyperpigmented, black/tan, stuck-on appearance
54
Squamous cell carcinoma
Looks like?
Symptoms?
Common with what?
- Plaques, papules, or nodules that are red, hyperkeratotic, scaly, or ulcerated
- May have mild itchy and bleeding
- Most commonly develops at sun-exposed areas
55
Basal Cell Carcinoma appearance
- Shiny or pearly with ulcerated center
56
Typhoid fever tx
Cipro
57
Wound suturing – timeframe? Contraindications?
- Wounds safe to suture close within 6 hours window (24hr for face)
- Bad idea for contaminated wounds (animal bites, retained foreign bodies, tissue with poor blood supply)
58
Koilonychia - what it is? Common with what?
- Spoon shaped nails
- IDA
59
HPV symptom
- Condyloma Acuminata
60
Hidradenitis treatment early stages
- Topical clindamycin
- Stop smoking, weight loss
