ontological Flashcards
What two words can ontological be split into and what do they mean
Ontos meaning being and logos being word and knowledge
What is a predicate
An intrinsic propery or quality of something
What bible quote does anselms reaction get built of
“And the fool hath said his heart ‘there is no god’”
How does Anselm define God
“God is that than which nothing greater can be conceived”
we can come up with characteristics of God in our mind that means what
That if a person believes in God or not, God exists in the mind
Anselms thoughts that if God only exists in the mind then what would that mean
God wont be the greatest possible thing that can be conceived
Whats more superior the things in our mind or reality
things in reality
For there to be logically consistence with Gods definition what must happen
he must exist in reality
how is the argument deductive
we moved from the truth of the premise to the truth of conclusion
What does A priori mean
BAsed on logic
What is Anselms second argument
“God Cannot be thought not the exist”
What are some examples are thing we can imagine to not exist
Unicorn, yetis and mythical creatures
What cant we imagine not existing
US
What is existence to Anselm
A predicate of God
Gaunilo responded to Anselm but what did he play
He argument on behalf of the fool
What did Gaunilo argument of the perfect island help prove with against Anselms arguement
That if the perfect island didnt exist then its a contradiction to call it perfect.
for something to be perfect it must exist
What is the response to the perfect island
“it exists at least in the mind”
Due to it being perfect the island exist so exist in the mind and reality
Island is contingent as is it existence. God is necessary
Cant define the perfect island
Can define God
What’s the problem with “truth does not exist”
That you cannot accept the truth of ‘truth does not exist’ unless truth does exist after all. It contradicts itself.
Yet to have mental concept of god not existing is possible but seen as contradictory
What’s the reason we cannot know Anselm definition is correct or not
That we have a certain understanding of God but our finite mind couldn’t truly understand God. He will always remain unknowable and so definition is correct
Whats the quote that refers to the idea of God being universally shared
“perhaps not everyone who hears the name ‘god’ understands it to signify something than which nothing greater can be thought, seeing that some have believed God to be a body, Yet, granted that everyone understands that by this name ‘God’ is signified something than which nothing greater can be thought, nevertheless, it does not therefore follow that he understands that what the name signifies exists actually, but only that it exists mentally”
What is Aquinas response to the ontological argument
Gods existence cannot be regarded as self evident
What is the problem with those who dont already believe in God compared to those who do
That atheist and agnostics will not agree with the first premise of the argument.
If you dont agree with the first statements about God then the rest of the argument becomes obsolete
What is Descartes First argument
God by definition is perfect
Imperfect God wouldnt be God
God is perfect he must contain all perfections (including perfection of existence)
If he didnt exist he wouldnt be perfect
Therefore Gods exist
What is Descartes second argument
Existence is a predicate of Gods concept and in the same way a three sides and angels are the intrinsic to the concept of a triangle. Without three sides there can be no concept of a triangle
What is the quote to go with Gods second argument
“Existance can no more be separated from the essence of God than can its having three angles to two right angles can be separated from the essence of a triangle”
Existence is part of Gods essence
What is kants opinion of the existence being a predicate
That its not a predicate
because existence is not an attribute or characteristics of something
‘exists’ doesn’t tell us something about an object that helps identify it
when you say something exists you are giving it a new quality or characteristics you are just saying those characteristics have been ‘actualised’
Norman Malcolm is modern day philosopher id he agree or disagree with Kant
Agree
According the Norman if god doesnt exist today when will he
If he doesn’t exist today he never will, his existence must be impossible
