OnlineMedEd: Surgery: Subspecialty - "Vascular" Flashcards
Weirdly, there seems to be a higher incidence of peripheral vascular disease in ______________.
women
List the risk factors for peripheral vascular disease.
- HTN
- DM
- Advanced age
- HLD
- Smoking
A great way to distinguish spinal stenosis from claudication is ________________.
to ask about the location of the pain (buttocks is more suggestive of spinal stenosis) and to ask if it is worse with leaning forward (which spinal stenosis will be)
Other than claudication, ______________ is a common presentation of peripheral vascular disease.
non-healing wounds
Loss of hair and shiny skin are also potential signs.
A normal ABI is ___________.
1.0 - 1.4 (the dependent position of the legs increases blood flow)
Give the breakdown of ABI.
- 0.9 - 0.8: mild
- 0.8 - 0.4: moderate
- Less than 0.4: severe
After an ABI, the proper diagnostic for peripheral vascular disease in the lower extremities is ____________.
ultrasound with Doppler (followed by a CTA if the USD is insufficient)
How is peripheral vascular disease managed?
•Short, proximal occlusions can be stented • Distal, long occlusions can be bypassed •Medical management: - Beta-blockers - Statins - Diabetes management - Smoking cessation - Antiplatelet agents
What two medications are used almost exclusively for symptom management in peripheral vascular disease?
Cilostazol and pentoxyphylline
If a person has acute limb ischemia following a catheterization procedure, the cause is likely _______________.
cholesterol embolism
Acute limb ischemia presents with the six Ps: _______________.
pulseless, pallor, painful, paralyzed, paresthesia, and poikilothermic (cold, taking on the temperatures of the outside world)
How is acute limb ischemia treated?
tPA or embolectomy
