OnlineMedEd: Surgery: Subspecialty - "Peds Ophtho" Flashcards

1
Q

What is amblyopia?

A

Cortical blindness due to inappropriate input from the eyes (such as cataracts or strabismus)

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2
Q

Strabismus is ______________.

A

malalignment of the eyes (“lazy eye” or “wall eyes”)

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3
Q

Congenital strabismus needs to be fixed by _________ months to prevent amblyopia.

A

6

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4
Q

How do you treat acquired strabismus?

A

Patch over the good eye

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5
Q

Differentiate the two types of cataracts based on time.

A
  • Present at birth: TORCH infection

* Not present at birth but present shortly thereafter: inborn error of metabolism (galactosemia)

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6
Q

Why do you not use radiation to treat retinoblastoma?

A

A child with retinoblastoma likely has an RB mutation. Radiation will knock out the other copy of RB in the good eye and induce retinoblastoma.

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7
Q

Retinoblastoma is associated with what other cancer?

A

Osteosarcoma

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8
Q

Retinopathy of prematurity presents with what on the retina?

A

Growths

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9
Q

How do you treat ROP?

A

Laser ablation of the growths

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10
Q

Chemical conjunctivitis was caused by ___________ (before it fell out of use).

A

silver nitrate

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11
Q

Characterize the following types of conjunctivitis by time, discharge, and treatment:

  • Chemical
  • Gonorrhea
  • Chlamydia
A
  • Chemical: first 24 hours, nonpurulent discharge, don’t use silver nitrate
  • Gonorrhea: day 2 to 7, purulent discharge, topical erythromycin to prevent and cephalosporin to treat, and cultures to direct treatment
  • Chlamydia: day 8 to 14, mucoid to purulent discharge, oral erythromycin
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