OnlineMedEd: Surgery: General - "Colorectal" Flashcards
The three ways colon cancer is usually diagnostic are _______________.
- Asymptomatic screen
- Iron-deficiency anemia in a man or postmenopausal woman
- Change in stool caliber
Colon cancer is usually treated with what chemotherapy regimen?
FOLFOX
• FOLinic acid
•Fluorouracil
•OXaplatin
Those with FAP need ______________.
prophylactic colectomy
Compare and contrast worrisome and benign polyps.
•Benign:
- Pedunculated
- Tubular
•Worrisome:
- Sessile (flat)
- Villous
Review the follow-up protocol for benign polyps and dysplasia.
- Benign: Q5Y
* Dysplasia: Q1Y
UC typically presents with what two symptoms?
Weight loss and bloody stools
After ________ years, those with UC need to have yearly colonoscopies.
8
For fistulas, ___________ can be a surgical treatment.
fistulotomies
__________ hemorrhoids are banded, while _________ hemorrhoids are resected.
Internal; external
Describe the vicious cycle of anal fissures.
Those with anal fissures hold their poop because it hurts when they go. Holding induces constipation and worsens the fissure.
Review the tiers of treatment for anal fissures.
1) Sitz baths (warm baths that can help the sphincter to relax)
2) Nitroglycerin paste (same idea)
3) Lateral internal sphincterotomy
What differentiates the type of pain of hemorrhoids and anal fissure?
The pain of anal fissure lasts a long time after defecation (hours).
How is anal cancer treated?
Chemo and radiation (the Nigro protocol)
Anal cancer is very sensitive to these.
What is a pilonidal cyst?
It is an infected hair follicle that develops in the sacral dimple, often presenting with sinus drainage tracts.
Pilonidal cysts should be treated with ______________.
I&D followed by resection after it heals
