Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Terminology > Oncology (cancer) > Flashcards

Oncology (cancer) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

oncos

A

benign tumor, slow growth, encapsulated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

carcinos

A

malignant tumor, fast growth, invasive/infiltrative, anaplastic, metastatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

neoplasm

A

tumor의 다른 명칭

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

주변조직 침범여부에 따른 분류 3가지

A

encapsulated(피막형성), invasive(침습성), infiltrative(침윤성)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

invasive와 infiltrative 차이

A

invasive: enter and destroy surrounding tissue
infiltrative: extending beyond normal tissue boundaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

morphology 용어 2가지

A

anaplasia(역형성의), hyperchromatic(과다염색의)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

location 용어 1가지

A

metastatic(전이)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

발암유발 인자 2가지

A

environmental agents, heredity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

environmental agents 종류 3가지

A

chemical carcinogens, radiation, oncogenic viruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

chemical carcinogens 종류 3가지

A

hydrocarbons, hormones, insecticides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

oncogene 뜻 및 4가지

A

종양유전자, RAS(colon cancer), ABL(chronic myelogenous leukemia), MYC(lymphoma), PML-RARA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

heredity 특징 및 종류 4가지

A

tumor suppresor genes, BRCA(ovarian, breast), APC(polyposis coli syndrome), p53(Li-fraumeni, 최빈), Rb1(retinoblastoma, 최초발견)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

oncogene vs TSG

A

oncogene = gain of function, TSG = loss of function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

cancerous tumors 분류 기준

A

histogenesis(조직발생)의 기원 세포 종류

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

cancerous tumors 3가지 및 유래조직

A

carcinoma(epithelial), sarcoma(connective), mixed-tissue tumors(미분화 세포, 특히 줄기세포)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

carcinoma 2가지

A

adenoma(샘종, 양성), adenocarcinoma(샘암종, 악성)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

sarcoma 유래 조직의 3가지 이름

A

기원: mesodermal layer(중배엽)
구성: mesenchymal tissue(중간엽 조직)
역할: parenchyme(실질)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

sarcoma 7가지

A

osteosarcoma, osteoma, leukemia, lymphoma, giloma, neuroblastoma, rhabadomyosarcoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

mixed-tissue tumor 2가지와 위치

A

Wilms tumor (kidney), Teratoma (ovaries, testes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

pathologic description 2가지와 경우

A

gross(클 때), microscopic(작을 때)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

gross description 7가지

A

cystic, fungating, inflammatory, medullary, necrotic, polypoidy, ulcerating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

cystic 2가지

A

mucinous(점액성), serous(장액성)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

fungating

A

버섯 모양의

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

polypoidy

A

폴립 모양

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

microscopic description 10가지

A

alveolar, carcinoma in situ, diffuse, dysplastic, epidermoid, follicular, papillary, pleomorphic, scirrhous, undifferentiated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

alevolar

A

꽈리의

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

carcinoma in situ

A

상피내암종, 그 자리에 그냥 있는 것

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

diffuse

A

spreading evenly throughout

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

dysplastic

A

형성이상

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

epidermoid

A

표피유사

31
Q

follicular

A

소포, 난포, 주머니

32
Q

pleomorphic

A

다형의, 다형태의

33
Q

scirrhous

A

굳은암종의

34
Q

grading system 기준 및 등급

A

현미경으로 볼 때 분화 정도, I, II, III, IV 순으로 분화가 비정상

35
Q

staging system 기준 및 등급

A

퍼져나간 정도, TNM 점수, I, II, III, IV 순으로 전이가 많이 되어 치료가능성 나쁨

36
Q

TNM 점수

A

T: primary tumor의 크기, 기준 3cm
N: regional lymph node에 전이여부
M: distant metastasis, 멀리 전이여부

37
Q

cancer treatment 4가지

A

surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, biological therapy

38
Q

surgery 9가지

A

debulking, adjuvant, cauterization, cryosurgery, en bloc resection, excisional biopsy, incisional biopsy, exenteration, fulguration

39
Q

adjuvant

A

radiation and/or chemotherapy 보조

40
Q

cryosurgery

A

freeze and destroy tissue

41
Q

en blog resection

A

일괄절제술, surrounding tissue containing lymph nodes is removed as well

42
Q

excisional biopsy

A

removal of tumor and margin of normal tissue

43
Q

incisional biopsy

A

removal of piece of tumor to establish diagnosis

44
Q

exenteration

A

내용물적출술, removes organ of origin as well as tumor

45
Q

fulguration

A

destruction of tissue via electricity

46
Q

radiation therapy 8가지

A

brachytherapy, fractionation, gray(Gy, rad), photon therapy, proton therapy, radiosensitizers, simulation, stereotactic radiosurgery

47
Q

brachytherapy

A

근접치료

48
Q

fractionation

A

small repeated doses instead of large doses

49
Q

gray(Gy)

A

unit of absorbed radiation dose

50
Q

photon therapy

A

uses x-rays of gamma rays

51
Q

radiosensitizers

A

방사선민감화약제

52
Q

stereotactic radiosurgery

A

gamma knife surgery using stereotactic(highly precise) guidance to destroy tumors

53
Q

radiotherapy 부작용 7가지

A

alopecia, fibrosis, mucositis, myelosuppresion, nausea/vomiting, pneumonitis, xerostomia

54
Q

alopecia

A

탈모

55
Q

fibrosis

A

섬유종

56
Q

mucositis

A

점막염

57
Q

myelosuppresion

A

골수분화억제

58
Q

pneumonitis

A

폐렴

59
Q

xerostomia

A

구강건조증

60
Q

chemotherapy 5가지

A

alkylating agents, antibiotics, antimetabolites, antimiotics, hormonal agents

61
Q

alkylating agents 3가지

A

carmustine, cisplatin, temozolomide

62
Q

antibiotics 1가지 및 암 종류

A

doxorubicin (breast cancer)

63
Q

antimetabolites 3가지

A

cytarabine, 5-FU(5-Fluorouracil), MTX(methotrexate)

64
Q

antimitotics 1가지

A

paclitaxel (taxol)

65
Q

hormonal agents 3가지

A

dexamethasone, prednisone, tamoxifen

66
Q

biological therapy 원리 및 4가지

A

biological response modifiers 이용, bevacizumab, interferons, interleukin2, trastuzumab

67
Q

cancer treatment drugs 2가지

A

molecularly targeted drugs, differentiating agents

68
Q

molecularly targeted drugs 2가지

A

angiogenesis 표적 drug, Abl kinase 표적 drug

69
Q

angiogenesis 표적 drug 2가지

A

bevacizumab: mAb, VEGF(growth factor) 파괴
sunitinib: nib(inhibitor), VEFG receptor를 억제

70
Q

Abl kinase 표적 drug 1가지

A

Imatinib(Gleevec): abl oncogene이 발현 후 일종의 kinase로 작용하는 것을 억제

71
Q

differentiating agents 1가지 및 치료 암

A

ATRA(all trans retinoic acid)로 APL(acute promyelocytic leukemia) 치료

72
Q

lab test 원리 및 1가지

A

혈액 속 protein을 측정해 암 진단, PSA(prostate-specific antigen)

73
Q

clinical procedures 5가지

A

bone marrow biopsy, bone marrow or stem cell transplant, exfoliative cytology(pap smear test), laparoscopy aka peritoneoscopy, mammography

Medical Terminology (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions