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Medical Terminology > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What are the parts of the digestive tract?

A

Oral cavity, Pharynx, Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum), Large Intestine (colon, rectum), anus

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2
Q

What are the digestive glands?

A

Salivary glands, Liver, Pancreas

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3
Q

What is the organ pharynx?

A

인두

Where the oral and nasal cavities meet and divides into the esophagus and larynx(후두)

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4
Q

Where is bile made and how is it released?

A

Made in the Liver, moves onto the Gallbladder, released into the Duodenum

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5
Q

What three parts make up the small intestine?

A

Duodenum(십이지장), Jejunum, Ileum

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6
Q

What is the pancreas and what does it do?

A

췌장, 이자
소화효소 만드는 외분비
인슐린, 글루카곤 만드는 내분비

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7
Q

Which parts make up the large intestine?

A

Cecum(맹장), colon, rectum

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8
Q

What is the root word for cheeks?

A

bucc/o

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9
Q

What is the root word for lips?

A

labi/o

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10
Q

What is the palate?

A

nasal cavity와 oral cavity 구분

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11
Q

What is the uvula?

A

목젖, 구개수

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12
Q

What are the root words for tongue?

A

gloss/o (greek)

lingul/o (latin)

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13
Q

What does the papillae mean in the oral cavity?

A

Taste buds

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14
Q

What are the tonsils and what do they do?

A

편도, lymphatic tissue

part of the immune system

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15
Q

What is the word for gums in the mouth?

A

gingiva

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16
Q

What is the root word for teeth?

A

dent/o

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17
Q

What is the word for baby teeth?

A

Deciduous teeth

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18
Q

*What is the decidua?

A

태아가 분만된 후 탈락되는 자궁 점막

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19
Q

What is the incisor?

A

절치, 앞니

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20
Q

What is the canine?

A

견치, 송곳니

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21
Q

What is the premolar?

A

소구치, 앞 어금니

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22
Q

What is the molar?

A

대구치, 뒷 어금니

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23
Q

What is the characteristic of enamel?

A

No nerves

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24
Q

What is the characteristic of dentin?

A

The uppermost layer with nerves

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25
Q

What is the characteristic of cementum?

A

Connects the bone and the tooth (섬유조직)

26
Q

What is the characteristic of pulp?

A

Includes the nerves and blood vessels

27
Q

What is the characteristic of root canal?

A

The hole through which most of the nerves pass through

28
Q

What is the parotid gland?

A

귀밑샘

29
Q

What is the submandibular gland?

A

턱밑샘

30
Q

What is the sublingual gland?

A

혀밑샘

31
Q

What are mumps?

A

볼거리, gland에 염증

32
Q

What are the three parts of the pharynx?

A

Naso-, Oro-, Laryngo-(=hypo-)

33
Q

What is the larynx?

A

후두, glottis, voice box(성대 포함하기 때문)

34
Q

What is the epiglottis?

A

후두개

35
Q

What are the four parts of the stomach?

A

Cardia, Fundus저부, Body체부, Pylorus(pyloric antrum)

36
Q

What are the beginning and end of the stomach called?

A

Cardiac sphincter(분문), Pyloric sphincter(유문)

37
Q

What does the duodenal papilla have?

A

Pancreatic duct, Common bile duct(CBD)

38
Q

What is the common bile duct the sum of?

A

Hepatic duct, Cystic duct

39
Q

What is the part closely linked to the cecum?

A

Appendix(충수돌기)

40
Q

What is the Taeniae coli?

A

bunched together longitudinal muscles of the colon

41
Q

What are the three bile ducts?

A

Common hepatic duct + Cystic duct = CBD

42
Q

What are the portal triad?

A

(Linked to the Liver) Hepatic artery, portal vein, CBD

43
Q

What is the portal vein?

A

Brings blood from the GI tract, is the vein used to send waste, nutrients, and alcohol to the liver

44
Q

What provides blood to the GI tract?

A

Celiac trunk(복강동맥), Supeior mesenteric artery(SMA), Inferior mesenteric artery(IMA)

45
Q

What is a LFT?

A

Liver Function Test

46
Q

Name six things tested in an LFT

A

albumin, ALT=GPT=alanine transaminase, AST=GOT=aspartate transaminase, ALP=alkaline phosphatase, GCT=gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, serum bilirubin

47
Q

What are the two most common data used from a LFT?`

A

ALT=GPT=alanine transaminase, AST=GOT=aspartate transaminase

48
Q

Why do you turn yellow with a bad liver?

A

the spleen destroys the red blood cells, and the result of haem being 분해 is bilirubin

49
Q

What is the barium enema?

A

조영제를 넣고 항문 통해 공기 주입해서 보는 x-ray

50
Q

What is cholangiography?

A

담관조영술

51
Q

What looks black and white in ultrasonography?

A

black is water, white is fat

52
Q

What is a polyp?

A

smaller than 0.8mm, not cancer yet

53
Q

What is endoscopy?

A

내시경

54
Q

What is laparoscopy?

A

복강경

55
Q

What is liver biopsy?

A

간 생검, poke the liver with a needle and analyze with microscope

56
Q

What is ERCP?

A

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreatography

57
Q

What is colostomy?

A

인공항문형성술, rectum에 cancer 있을 때 colon을 밖으로 연결

58
Q

What is anastomosis?

A

장을 연결

59
Q

What is balloon dilatation?

A

풍선을 넣은 후 나중에 부풀리기

60
Q

What is nasogastric intubation?

A

코에서 위로 관 삽입, 의식 없는 환자에게 많이 사용, 있으면 괴로움

Medical Terminology (11 decks)

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