Eye and Ear

Question 1

eye accessory organ 4가지

Answer 1

lacrimal gland(눈물샘), palpebra(눈꺼풀), conjunctiva(눈꺼풀 안쪽), extraocular muscles

Question 2

orbit의 5가지 구성 요소

Answer 2

medial wall, lateral wall, roof, inferior wall, apex - optic foramen

Question 3

medial wall 2가지 구성 요소

Answer 3

lamina orbitalis of ethmoid bone = lamina papyracea

lacrimal fossa; lacrimal sac

Question 4

눈 주변 구조 4가지

Answer 4

medial & lateral canthus (양끝), lacrimal caruncle, lacrimal papilla (upper and lower), lacrimal punctum (summit of papilla)

Question 5

눈물샘 3단계

Answer 5

lacrimal canaliculus > lacrimal sac > nasolacrimal duct

Question 6

fornix

Answer 6

palpebra 결막 사이 공간

Question 7

blepharitis

Answer 7

눈꺼풀염

Question 8

axis 2개

Answer 8

anatomical axis (anterior and posterior pole)
visual axis (nodal point and fovea centralis)

Question 9

plane 2개

Answer 9

meridional plane (plane passes visual axis)
equatorial plane

Question 10

안구 3단계

Answer 10

outer fibrous coat, middle vascular coat, retina

Question 11

outer fibrous coat 2가지

Answer 11

cornea(각막), sclera(공막)

Question 12

middle vascular coat 다른 이름 및 3가지

Answer 12

uvea(포도막)이라고도 함

choroid(맥락막), ciliary body(모양체), iris(홍채)

Question 13

retina 4가지

Answer 13

pigment epithelium, neural retina, macula lutea, fovea centralis

Question 14

cornea 5가지

Answer 14

corneal epithelium, Bowman’s membrane, stroma, descemet’s membrane, endothelium

Question 15

LASIK

Answer 15

laser in situ keratomileusis

Question 16

keratitis

Answer 16

각막염

Question 17

angle of iris 역할과 장소

Answer 17

눈물이동 통로, cornea와 sclera 연결 지점

Question 18

circulation of aqueous humor 7단계

Answer 18

ciliary body > posterior chamber > pupil > anterior chamber > trabecular meshwork > canal of Schlemn > vein

Question 19

glaucoma 원인 결과 수술

Answer 19

녹내장

원인: intraocular pressure, 결과: damage to optic nerve and retina 수술: iridotomy, trabeculotomy

Question 20

tonometry

Answer 20

안압측정기계

Question 21

ciliary body 다른 이름과 생성

Answer 21

tunica vasculosa, uvea가 두꺼워져 생성

Question 22

ciliary body 기능 3가지

Answer 22

aqueous humor 생성, constriction of pupil, 수정체 두께 조절 (lens 지탱하는 supsensory ligament)

Question 23

동공 수축 이완 이름 및 약물

Answer 23

동공 수축: miosis

동공 이완: mydriasis, 약물 mydriatic

Question 24

retina 기원 및 구성 2요소

Answer 24

기원: optic cup

구성: outer layer - pigment epithelium, inner layer - neural retina

Question 25

retinal cells 6가지

Answer 25

photoreceptor cells (cone and rod), horizontal cells, bipolar cells, amacrine cells, ganglion cells, muller cells

Question 26

착시현상 원인 2가지

Answer 26

horizontal cells, amacrine cells

Question 27

optic nerve

Answer 27

axon of ganglion cell

Question 28

papilledema

Answer 28

swelling of the optic disc due to increased ICP(intracranial pressure)

Question 29

눈 검사 방법 2가지

Answer 29

ophthalmoscope(검안경), OCT(optical coherence tomography)

Question 30

errors or refraction 4가지

Answer 30

myopia(근시), hyperopia(원시), astigmatism(난시), presbyopia(노안)

Question 31

오목 볼록 렌즈는 무엇을 교정

Answer 31

오목 - 근시, 볼록 - 원시

Question 32

visual pathway 6가지

Answer 32

optic nerve, optic chiasm, optic tract, lateral geniculate body (of thalamus), optic radiation, visual cortex

Question 33

cataract

Answer 33

백내장

Question 34

귀 기능 2가지

Answer 34

auditory, vestibular

Question 35

external ear 2가지

Answer 35

auricle, external acoustic meatus

Question 36

middle ear 3가지

Answer 36

tympanic membrane, tympanic cavity, auditory ossicle

Question 37

inner ear 2가지

Answer 37

bony labyrinth, membranous labyrinth

Question 38

tympanic cavity 연결된 부위 2곳

Answer 38

nasopharynx, mastoid air cell

Question 39

auditory ossicle 3가지와 모양

Answer 39

malleus(hammer), incus(anvil), stapes(stirrup)

Question 40

bony labyrinth 3가지

Answer 40

cochlea(snail, 달팽이관), vestibule(courtyard, 전정), bony semicircular canal(반고리관)

Question 41

membranous labyrinth 4가지

Answer 41

cochlear duct, saccule, utricle, membranous semicircular canal

Question 42

perilymph vs endolymph

Answer 42

perilymph: bony labyrinth를 채움 endolymph: membranous labyrinth를 채움, 뼈와 막 사이

Question 43

sensory receptors 3가지

Answer 43

organ of corti, macula sacculi and macula utriculi, crista ampullaris

Question 44

청각 3단계

Answer 44

cochlea > cochlear duct > organ of corti

Question 45

평형 3단계

Answer 45

vestibule > saccule & utricle > macula sacculi and macula utriculi

Question 46

회전 3단계

Answer 46

bony semicircular canal (oval window round window) > membranous semicircular duct > crista ampullaris

Question 47

Meniere's disease

Answer 47

endolymph가 증가, 어지러움

Question 48

Otitis media

Answer 48

중이염, tympanic cavity에 염증

Question 49

tinnitus

Answer 49

이명