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The dissipation of sound occurs after it has been perceived by the inner ear due to which of the following options?
Question 3 Answer
a.
The sound wave energy is absorbed by the perilymph inside the scala tympani.
cholesteatoma
Cholesteatomas occur when the cells of the tympanic membrane invade the temporal bone and form a cystic structure
The principal function of the eustachian tube is to aerate the middle ear cavity, thereby sustaining pressure equilibrium commensurate with atmospheric pressure.
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Your patient presents with episodes of vertigo that last about 30 minutes to 1 hour – these vertigo attacks occur about once a week. She notices that the vertigo can be triggered by the type of food she eats – salty foods and coffee seem to be implicated. She notes that her ears feel “full” when these attacks occur. Which diagnosis is most consistent with this limited history?
Question 7 Answer
d.
Vestibular neuronitis
c.
Meniere’s disease
paroxysmal positional vertigo?
Question 8 Answer
a.
Otoconia (otoliths) have detached from the otolith membrane resulting in abnormal sensory perception
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elevated red blood cell count and elevated hemoglobin, as well as increased platelet count. Which of the following mechanisms BEST explains this presentation?
Question 10 Answer
a.
JAK2 mutation
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Which of the following mechanisms has/have been observed to contribute to Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP)?
Question 11 Answer
a.
CD8+ cytotoxic T cells destroying thrombocytes.
b.
Proliferation of autoreactive B-cells
c.
All of these mechanisms are part of ITP.
d.
Suppression of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow
all
What is the function of activated Protein C?
Question 12 Answer
a.
Inactivate factor Va (5)
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Chonae in nasal cavity
Posterior; to serve as a passageway for airflow to the nasopharynx
myohyloid muscile orgin and insertion
From the mandible’s internal surface to the anterior aspect of the hyoid bone
vestibule of the mouth
The space between the teeth and cheeks
Patient X has a lens prescription of (-) 8 diopters, while patient Z has a lens prescription of (+) 3 diopters. Which of the following statements is correct:
Patient X is myopic and requires a stronger lens than patient Z
protanopia (red-green colour blindness):
missing red cones
The plexiform layers are where two or more different cell types connect
in the retina
Which of the following structures of the eye does NOT contribute to light refraction?
Question 12 Answer
a.
Lens
b.
Vitreous Humor
c.
Cornea
d.
Pupil
pu[pil
