Oesophagus

Question 1

What is the swallowing reflex co-ordinated by

Answer 1

Medulla oblongata, which stimulates the appropriate sequence of contraction and relaxation in the participating skeletal muscle, sphincters and smooth muscle groups

Question 2

How is swallowed food delivered to stomach

Answer 2

Co-ordinated sequence of contraction and relaxation in the upper oesophageal sphincter, oesophagus and lower oesophageal sphincter

Question 3

Difference in muscle in the oesophagus

Answer 3

Question 4

Pressure changes in oesophagus during swallowing

Answer 4

Question 5

Simultaneous manometry and fluoroscopy of barium swallow in a normal subject

Answer 5

Question 6

Central control of peristalsis in the smooth muscle portion of the oesophagus

Answer 6

Short delay - top sphincter

Long delay - lower sphincter

Question 7

Electrical stimulation of intrinsic nerves in circular smooth muscle strips

Answer 7

Question 8

Characteristics of muscle fibres

Answer 8

Question 9

Pressure in oesophagus

Answer 9

Decreasing pressure in thoracic cavity in inhalation => increasing pressure in abdominal cavity