Oesophageal Cancer Flashcards
Name the risk factors for adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma
Adenocarcinoma
- Barrett’s oesophagus
- obesity
- -increased intrabdominal pressure pushing stomach up?
Squamous
- smoking
- alcohol
- dietary carcinogens
3 clinical consequences of oesophageal cancer
Obstruction Ulceration -chronic anemia Perforation -gastric juice spills
Name the 3 ways that oesophageal cancer can spread
Direct -to surrounding tissues Lymphatic spread -to regional lymph nodes Blood spread -liver
S+S for oesophageal cancer
Progressive dysphagia Anorexia and weight loss Odymophagia Chest pain Cough Tracheostomy-oesophageal fistula Vocal cord paralysis Haematemesis
Metastatic sites for esophageal cancer
Hepatic
Brain
Pulmonary
Bone
Ix for oesophageal cancer
Endoscopy Biopsy Staging: -CT -endoscopic US -PET -bone scan
Tx for oesophageal cancer
Oesophagectomy with or without chemo before or after Long post op recovery Need nutritional support Dysphagia pallitation -Endoscopic stent -chemo -radiotherapy -brachytherapy - -sealed radioactive device placed inside body
What’s eosinophilia oesophagitis?
Chronic immune /allergen mediated condition defined by symptoms of oesophageal dysfunction
Common in kids and young adults
S+S of eosinophilic oesophagitis
Food bolus obstruction
Dysphagia
Tx for eosinophilia oesophagitis
Topical, swallowed steroids
Dietary elimination
Endoscopic dilation
Alarm symptoms
Anemia Loss of weight Anorexia Recent onset of progressive disease Masses + melaena/haematemsis Swallowing difficulty
Alarm or >55= upper GI endoscopy
Side effects of hernia repairs
Dysphagia
Difficulty to belch and vomit
Excess flatulence
Diarrhoea
